ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 



259 



Notes on California Coccidae, E. O. Essie, {Pomonn Jour. Ent., 1 (J!)Of)), 

 No. 4, pp. 92-97, figfi. 7). — Notes are given on Parlatoria prrgandii, CcropJnfites 

 cerifcrus, Chioinispis qucrrus, and Ccroputo yucca'. 



Spraying for the codling moth, W. E. Rumsey (West Virginia Hta. Bui. 

 121, pp. 121-1 'lO, /j/s. .-, pg. /)• — The author presents a short preliminary rei)ort 

 of a comparative test made during 1909 of the so-called eastern and western 

 methods of applying arsenicals for the codUng moth, as based on sjn-aying 

 experiments conducted in Berkeley County on 10-year-old Ren Davis trees. 

 Trees treated by the eastern method were sprayed on May 1.'? with Bordeaux 

 mixture (3-5-50 fornuila) to which was added 3 lbs. of lead arsenate to each 

 50 gal. of li(iuid, double vermorel nozzles with a ])ressure of 100 lbs. being used 

 in the application. A similar application was made May 2S. The third spray- 

 ing was done on June lO. and the fourth and last on July 22. " The trees used 

 in the western method of treatment were sprayed on the afternoon of May 12, 

 1909 (calyx in the same condition as with the other method) using 1 lb. of 

 arsenate of lead to 50 gal. of water, with a Rordeaux nozzle attached to the 

 extension rod at an angle of 45° and the pressure gage on the gasoline sprayer 

 registering from 200 to 250 lbs." The results obtained from each method and 

 the infestation of fruit on nnsprayed trees are reported in tabular form, the 

 number of worms entering from the calyx, stem, and side being indicated. 



While the data as sunnnarized in the following talile appear to show that 

 there was practically no difference in the results obtained, it is thought that 

 further tests are necessary to determine definitely which is of the most value 

 in time and money to the grower. 



Percciifagc of infcsfatiou of apphx hy codling niotli on sjiragcd and iinspraged 



trees. 



A great excess of calyx wormy fruit, both picked and dropped, from the 

 eastern or mist sprayed trees over that of the western or coarse-higli pressure 

 spraying was noted. The percentage of side and stem wormy ajiples was ap- 

 Iiarently much greater with the western method. 



•• In using a coarse nozzle it was found that about twice as much material 

 was applied as in the case of the mist spray; therefore, the amount of arsenate 

 of lead in the material for the two methods would l)e in the relation of 2 : 3. 

 although but 1 lb. of the poison to .50 gal. of water was used in the western 

 method and 3 lbs. in the eastern." More time was consumed in spraying by 

 the western method because of the necessity of taking special care to fill the 

 calyx cujis, but since in the eastern methods several additional sprayings are 

 necessary, it is concluded that if the western method will always give the good 

 results obtained in this test, much time can be saved to eastern orchardists 

 through its adoption. 



In this test records were also kept of the in.lury caused by the plum curculio. 

 It was found that where the one coarse-high-pressure spray was used 12.5 per 

 cent of the fruit was stung, and where the 4 mist sitrays were aiiplied 13.9 per 



