260 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



cent of the apples were injured, while the unsprayed trees gave 32.1 per cent 

 of punctured fruit. 



In conclusion it is stated that as a result of proper spraying to reduce injury 

 from insects and diseases, a profit of $6,000 was obtained from a 13-acre grove 

 of 13-year old ajiple trees in Berkeley County. 



An injury to pine trees in Cuba, caused by Dioryctria sp. and other Lepi- 

 doptera, W. T. IIoknk and J. S. Houskr (Esfdc. Ccnl. Apron. \('iih(i] Rpt. 

 {English Ed.). 2 (1905-1909), pt. 2, pp. i//7-///.9).— Serious injury to the pine 

 trees near Herradura in del Rio province is reported. In November, 1907, 

 nearly all of the pine trees appeared to have been affected at some time during 

 their development, through having the central or terminal shoot killed. In 

 some cases the central shoot was converted into a tapering rod G ft. or more 

 in length which died and was attacked by wood-boring insects. After the 

 death of the central shoot or leader one of the lateral branches grows out and 

 becomes a leader, or several may grow out in this way. These secondary 

 leaders may be attacked successively, making the tnmk so crooked that the 

 tree has little value. 



The tobacco split worm, J. S. Houser (Estac. Cent. Agron. [Cuba] Rpt. 

 {Englifsh Ed.). 2 ( 190.5-1 909), pt. 2, pp. 133-139, pi. 1).—In Cuba, attention was 

 first directed to injury by PJithorinioea operciilella in April, 1007. It appears 

 to be widely distributed in the island. At San Juan and Martinez, it was 

 learned that the insect had been present in the district extending from that 

 place west to the sea for at least 25 years, the pest being known locally as 

 Candelilla. "'The plants upon wliich this insect has been observed feeding in 

 Cuba are tobacco, eggi)lant, pendejera (ffolanum torvum), Holanum vcrbasci- 

 folium, Solanum sp. (probably S. jamaicense), and the common jimson weed 

 {Datura sji.). the list being arranged with regard to the susceptibility to 

 attack." 



The wattle processionary caterpillar, AV. E. Jones {Natal Agr. Jour., 13 

 {1909), A'O. 6, pp. 7'/J-7.jO). — Observations on the life history and habits of 

 this species are reported. 



Three parasites (2 tachinids and an ichneumon fly), and a predaceous bug 

 keep the pest from doing any great amount of injury. The predaceous bug. a 

 reduviid, which forms in adjacent colonies of from 12 to 20 individuals, arrives 

 in ones and twos and remains near the caterpillars. This bug is said to be a 

 remorseless exterminator of the cluster to which it is first attracted, remain- 

 ing as it does until the colony of caterpillars is entirely destroyed. 



The relation of sex to heliotropism in the brown-tail moth, W. Reiff 

 {Psyche, ^'' ( 19()!i), No. fS, pp. I l'>-HS). — A contribution from the entomological 

 laboratory of the Russey Institution. 



Heredity of the race characters univoltinism and bivoltism in the silk- 

 worm (Bombyx mori), Isabel McCracken {Jour. E.rpt. Zool., 7 {1909), No. 

 4, pp. 7.'i7-76Jf ) . — An account is given of a series of breeding experiments which 

 extended through a period of 5 years. " It seems that as between these intra- 

 specific characters, there is an underlying ' law of potency ' that has to do with 

 characters as ancestral rather than with characters as parental units." 



Blood sucking' insects of Madagascar, J. Surcouf {Insects Piqueurs de 

 Efadof/ascar. Tahanides. Paris. 1909, pp. ////, pi. 1 ; rev. in Bui. Inst. Pasteur, 7 

 {1909), No. 23, p. 1013). — This is the first part of a .systematic study of the 

 Madagascan Tabanidje. Two genera (Methoria and Bouvierella) belonging to 

 the subfamily Pangoniuie are described as new. 



Fly-borne enteric fever: The source of infection, N. Faiciinie {Jour. Roy. 

 Army Med. Corps, 13 {1909), No. ,J, pp. •T.sr^-.W// ) .— The author concludes that 

 *' infection conveyed by flies' legs, natural though it may appear from all the 



