358 



EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



in India, zoo-geographical divisions, food and habitat, and insects and man. 

 The more important orders are then taken up as follows: Aptera (pp. 43^6), 

 Orthoptera (pp. 47-107), Neuroptera (pp. 108-160), Hynienoptera (pp. 161- 

 233), Coleoptera (pp. 234-396), Lepidoptera (pp. 397-542). Thysanoptera (pp. 

 542-544), Diptera (pp. 545-664), and Rhynchota (pp. 665-7(54). 



A frontispiece map is given indicating the fannal zones and probable sub- 

 region of tropical India. 



Insect types and cotypes, C. H. Withington {Trans. Kdtis. Acad. Sci., 22 

 {iy0S-!i), /ij). .iJl-S.i'}). — This is a preliminary list of 872 type species in the 

 Francis Huntington Snow entomological collections at the University of Kansas. 



Additional results of collecting insects in Kansas and Colorado, E. S. 

 TucKKi? i'J'nnis. Kaiis. Acad. tici.. 22 ilUOS-H). i>p. 27V;-J0.'/).— Lists of hynien- 

 optera and iliptora are presented. 



The relation of temperature to the growth of insects, E. D. Sanderson 

 {Tslcw Hampshire 8ta. 8ci. Contrib. ,). pp. 1 1 3-1. 'fU, charts 21; Jour. Econ. hut., 

 3 (19 JO), No. 2, PI). 1 13-11)0, charts 21). — In this paper the author reviews the 

 literature relating to the effect of temperature on the development of insects 

 and reports the results of exi)eriments in whicli either the egg or pupa or both, 

 of several species, were studied. He again calls attention to the fact pre- 

 viously noted (E. S. R., 20, p. 252) that the point above which temperatures 

 are effective varies with tlie species and is not constant at 43° F. Thus Toxop- 

 tera and Lysiphlebus may develop at 1.65° C, while Margaropus and others will 

 not develop under 5 to 10° C. 



In studying the relation of temperature to insect growth, different stages of 

 several insects were reared at fairly constant temperatures. Ordinary bac- 

 teriological incubators were used for temperatures of 80 and 90° F. An 

 uniced refrigerator maintained a fairly constant temperature of about 65° in 

 winter and 70° in summer. A constant temperature apparatus in which the 

 cold from an ice chamber was balanced by the heat from a gas jet and con- 

 trolled by an electric thermostat gave close to 60° and an ordinary refrigerator 

 was iced to maintain approximately 50°. The results of the investigirtion, 

 together with data relating to a number of additional species reported by 

 various workers, are summarized in the form of charts. The following table 

 (>f the si)ecies studied by the author has been compiled from the charts pre- 

 sented : 



Arcntf/c period of development of insects at constant tcniperatarcs. 



" Failed to hatch. 

 A list of 26 titles referred to is appended. 



Superparasitism : An important factor in the natural control of insects, 

 W. F. FiSKE (Jour. Econ. Ent., 3 (1910), No. 1, pp. 88-97, fig. i).— Superpara- 

 sitism, a new term introduced by the author, results when any individual host 



