RURAL ECONOMICS. 491 



RURAL ECONOMICS. 



Aids to prosperous farming, J. Long (Trans. Highland and Agr. Soc. Scot., 

 5. *er., 22 {1910). pi). lol-uri). — This paper discusses the general conditions of 

 farm management in Great Britain and makes suggestions for its improvement 

 with a view to increasing the profits of the farm. 



Among the suggestions the following are the most important : To keep the 

 land free from weeds and destructive parasites, the use of suitable manures, 

 selected seed, and leguminous crops, improved cultivation of the soil, the pro- 

 tection of the solid and liquid manure of the farm and its conveyance to the 

 land as soon as possible, the use of lime, drainage of lands, the improvement of 

 all classes of live stock, increasing the number of live stock kept on farms, the 

 production of greater quantities of butter and cheese, more attention to poultry 

 keeping and breeding for egg and meat production, and the extermination of 

 live-stock diseases. 



Farm publicity and selling, J. C. Marquis {Northwest Hort., 23 {1910), No. 

 7, pp. 171, 172). — This article discusses various forms of advertising and the 

 advantages of each method to the farmer or stock raiser for the profitable dis- 

 posal of his products. 



The need of farmers' associations and what they should do for the devel- 

 opment of agriculture, R. Palma {Philippine Agr. Rev. [Englisii Ed.], 3 

 {1910), No. 4, pp. 211-217). — This pai)er discusses the benefits to agriculture 

 in the Philippines which might be expected from the organization of cooperative 

 societies, such as in the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility, the intro- 

 duction of new crops and better culture of those already grown, the cultivation 

 of several crops in one field, the formation of mutual credit societies, the 

 stimulation and improvement of the condition of farm laborers, and the or- 

 ganization of agricultural exhibitions. 



Farmers must organize, J. H. Worst (iV. Dak. Farmer, 11 {1910), Nos. 11, 

 pp. 2,3, 2't; 12, pp. 5-7). — This is an address before the Farmers' Union at St. 

 Louis, May 2-7, 1910, setting forth the advantages of cooperation in securing 

 profitable returns to the farmer for his labor, and encouraging farmers to 

 study the economic side of agriculture for the purpose of devising means for 

 the most effective cooperation among themselves. The formation of a national 

 cooperative organization is recommended. 



Cooperative organization in agriculture, C. Douglas {Trans. Highland and 

 Agr. ^oc. 8cot., 5. ser., 22 {1910), pp. /-/«).— This article discusses the economic 

 advantages which have been secured by the cooperative purchase of farm sup- 

 plies and in the marketing of such products as eggs, fruits, dairy products, 

 bacon, live stock, etc.; the financial benefits to farmers of mutual credit so- 

 cieties; the development of agricultural organization in Denmark, Germany, 

 France, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom; the relation of cooperation 

 to the prosperity of small farmers; and the general effects of cooperation in 

 improving the quality of farm products and stimulating rural life through its 

 educational and social features. 



Danish cooperative methods being tried in Ontario {Nor'-West Farmer, 29 

 {1910), No. 13, p. 865). — This is an account of the rules and regulations of or- 

 ganizations formed in Peterboro County, Ontario, for the cooperative marketing 

 of egf.s and other poultry itroducts. An outline is given of the Danish method 

 of marketing eggs, the economic and financial advantages of the system, and 

 the organization of the Peterboro circles on the Danish plan. 



Cooperative agricultural societies in the United Kingdom {Jour. Bd. Agr. 

 ILondoH]. 17 {1910), No. 2, pp. i//0-/ '/-J). —Returns of the productive, distribu- 



