DISEASES OF PLANTS. 745 



F'roui 1,650 to 2,2(X) lbs. of Bordeaux inixtuie per irnulolaiKl is rocoimiiendecl, 

 accordiiiir to tlio size of tlio tojts. 



Experiments on the control of sugar-beet diseases, K. Schander {Deut. 

 Zuckeriiidus., 35 (WW), Xo. 5, in>. tW-ll.}; ai'^.s'. in VcntbL Bakt. {ctc.^, 2. Abt., 

 i? {1910). No. 10-12, pp. 307, 308). — A report is made on experiments carried 

 (III during tlie summer of 1909 in tlie division of plant diseases of the Kaiser 

 Wilbelm Institute at Bromberg for the control of sugar-beet diseases. 



Experiments on soalving and hulling the seed for root diseases showed that 

 bulled seed produced a better and quicker germination, a more thrifty growth, 

 and a smaller percentage of diseased plants than the unhulled seed. The liulling 

 had no influence, however, on tlie heart or dry rot. Experiments with common 

 salt ( NaCl) also gave no beneficial results in controlling tbe lieart or dry rot. 



The results of different kinds of nitrogenous fertilizers on tbe outbreaks of 

 these diseases were tested. It was found tbat lime nitrogen and ammonium sul- 

 phate gave the smallest number of diseased plants, wbile sodium nitrate and 

 calcium nitrate gave tbe greatest number. 



Results from spraying experiments, 1909, in Pike County, L. E. Fogle- 

 soNG {Trans. 111. Hart. -S'oc, n. scr., Jf3 {1009), pp. 365-371). — The spraying ex- 

 periments conducted were to test the relative efficiency of various commercial 

 and homemade formulas in controlling insects and fungus diseases, especially 

 tbe scab, curculio, and codling moth. 



The sprays tested were arsenate of lead, Paris green, Bordeaux mixture, and 

 commercial and self-boiled lime sulphur. The arsenate of lead sprays gave 

 better results, either alone or when used in combination with a fungicide, than 

 I'aris green. The self-boiled lime sulphur showed practically no fungicidal or 

 insecticidal value, while Bordeaux mixture gave good results against the scab 

 wben from two to three applications were made. 



Treatment for prevention of anthracnose, M. O. Lownsdale {Better Fruit, 

 5 {1910), No. 1, pp. ////-.'/()).— Following a general discussion of the germination 

 and infection periods of anthracnose, or apple canker, and the value of spraying 

 as a preventive of this disease, tbe author gives his views on the methods of 

 treating the old apple orchards of the Willamette Valley, in which be recom- 

 mends the removal in January or February of a very thin shaving of bark over 

 the diseased area, leaving only the rotting tissues of the bark intact so that new 

 fiber will grow from underneath. 



.Spraying with 1 gal. of lime sulphur to 16 or IS gal. of water in September 

 proved remarkably successful in jireventing new infection during the succeeding 

 year. 



Brown rot and plum curculio on peaches, W. M. Scott and A. L. Qxtaint- 

 ANCE {Better Fruit, 5 {1910). No. 1, pp. 19-22, figs. 13).— This is a popular dis- 

 cussion of these two very serious pests of the peach, in which the results of 

 spraying with self-boiled lime-sulphur mixtures are given. 



For the Elberta. Bell, and other varieties of iieaches of about the same ripen- 

 ing period the following is recommended : The first application should be made 

 about the time the calyces are sbedding, spraying with arsenate of lead at the 

 rate of 2 lbs. to 50 gal. of self-boiled lime-suli)bur mixture: or, the lime sulphur 

 may often be omitted during a dry spring, in wbich case to each 50 gal. of water, 

 milk-of-lime made from slaking from 2 to 3 lbs. of good stone lime should 

 be added to prevent any caustic action of tlie arsenate of lead. A second appli- 

 cation should be made 2 or 3 weeks later, or about 1 month after tlie petals fall, 

 spraying with an 8: S: 50 self-boiled lime-sulpbur mixture and 2 lbs, of arsenate 

 of lead. A third application should be made about 1 month before the fruit 

 ripens, spraying with an S: S: 50 self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture. 



