DISEASES OF PLANTS. 655 



Z. violavni were fouiul to be attacked by a rot resembling the heart rot of the 

 cbrysantbeuium fiower (E. vS. R.. 22. p. 750). An e.\aininatlou of the diseased 

 flowers revealed the presence of a fungus tbe characters of which correspond 

 exactly to those of Botrytls vulgaris, which hitherto has been classed as a 

 saprophyte, but in this case seems to lead a truly parasitic existence. 



The brown fungus of the citrus whitefly, H. S. Fawcett (Science, n. ser., 

 SI {1910), No. 806, pp. 912, 913; Mycologia, 2 {1910), No. J,, pp. 16J,-168, pis. 

 2).— An account is given of investigations on the brown fungus of the whitefly, 

 previously described by Webber (E. S. R., 9, p. 65S). This fungus as occurring 

 on the whitefly is sterile. In 1905 sporodochia were found accompanying the 

 fungus, and recently the connection between these forms of the fungus have 

 been determined. The author describes the fungus as JEgerita tccbberi n. sp. 



Some notes on nematodes, G. H. Carpenter {Irish Gard., 5 {1910), No. 1,9, 

 pp. 3Jf-S7, figs. 3). — This is a popular discussion of the morphology and habits 

 of nematodes in general, and of the stem nematode {Tylenchvs devastatrix), 

 the strawberry nematode {Aphelenchus fragarice), and the root knot nematode 

 {Ilcicrodcra radicicola). together with suggestions as to their control. 



A lime-sulphur wash for use on foliage, E. S. Salmon {Jour. Bed. Agr. 

 [London], 17 (1910). No. 3, pp. 18.'i~l 89). —The results are given of experi- 

 ments on tbe use of lime sulphur in combating the hop mildew (Sphwrotheca 

 hiimuli), the gooseberry mildew (8. mors-uvm) , and apple scab or black spot. 



In the experiments with the hop mildew, a number of leaves on young hop 

 plants were selected which bore patches of the mildew in an actively growing 

 condition. Each leaf was divided into halves by a longitudinal line, and only 

 one-half of each leaf was painted with a lime-sulphur wash. In each case 

 the patches of mildew on the treated half were killed, while on the other half 

 of the leaf tbe mildew continued to increase. No fresh infections took place 

 on the treated halves. 



In another experiment healthy young hop plants were selected. One-half 

 of each of the leaves was treated with the lime-sulphur wash, and the spores 

 of the hop mildew were then sown on both the treated and the untreated 

 halves of each leaf. In no case did any infection take place on the treated 

 parts of the leaves, while the untreate<l halves of the leaves became virulently 

 infected and after 14 days bore numerous patches of the mildew. 



A number of young hop plants beginning to be infected with the mildew 

 were treated with a fine misty spray of the lime-suli)hur wash until when 

 dry the leaves appeared as though dusted with a tine white powder. The 

 mildew was effectually destroyed, and no new infection occurred on the sprayed 

 plants, while on the unsprayed ones the fungus continued to increase. 



The lime-sulphur wash was also used on gooseberries for the gooseberry mil- 

 dew and on certain varieties of apples for the apple scab or black spot with no 

 scorching of the foliage. 



The lime-sulphur wash used in these cxperiincnts had a specitic gravity 

 of 1.01. 



The summer use of concentrated lime sulphur, 11. IT. Witetzel (Reprint 

 pom Proc. N. Y. State Fruit Growers' As^oe., U (1910), />/*. 3/--'/-'/).— In a 

 ])aper presented at the ninth annual meeting of the New York State Fruit 

 Growers' Association the author summarizes the results of work done by 

 various investigators on the use of lime-sulphur mixtures with special refer- 

 ence to their value as summer sprays. 



The following points were discussed: (1) The kind of lime-sulphur mixtures 

 (Scott's self-boiletl. Cordley's home-boiled, or commercial c(Micentrated solu- 

 tions) which can be used as sununer sprays; (2) the dilutions of the concen- 

 trated solutions which may be use<l with safety and efficiency; (li) the effect- 

 63100°— No. 7—10 5 



