DISEASES OF PLANTS. 751 



claiined that coniferous plants have only secidiospore or teleutosp'^re sori be- 

 cause the stomata of such plants are closed with a waxy cork or plug, which 

 prevents the germ tubes of secidiospores or uredospores from entering the 

 leaves. As they can not bore directly through the ei)idermis, the alternate stages 

 of this rust must infest plants in which the stomata are open. In the case of 

 the tecidio-sori, and in the cases so far known {Chnj^nmyxa nbictift) of teleuto- 

 spore sori, forming on the needles, both are produced by sporidia with germ 

 tubes able to bore through the epidermis. 



Two new fir-inhabiting fungi, F. Bubak (Naturiv. Ztschr. Forst u. Landic, 

 h (1910), Xo. 6, pp. 313-320, figs. 7). — Technical descriptions are given of Phomn 

 bohcmica n. sp., and RcJuui'JIop.^is bohcmica n. g. and sp., the fruiting bodies of 

 which were found on the dead needles of the young branches of fir trees in 

 Bohemia. The needles on the diseased branches were shriveled, dry. and dark 

 brown in color. 



"West Hungarian pines in West Prussia succumbing to attacks of leaf -cast 

 fungi, E. Herrmann (Naturw. Ztschr. Forst u. Landic, S {1910), Xo. 2, pp. 

 105-109). — From careful observations of pines attacked by leaf-cast fungi, the 

 author holds that pines grown from west Hungarian seed under the climatic 

 conditions of West Prussia, in spite of spraying with Bordeaux and soda Bor- 

 deaux mixtures, are very susceptible to this disease. 



A disease of the alder, W. S. Jones (Quart. Jour. Forestry, 3 (1910), No. .'/, 

 pp. 221-224, fl(js. -'/). — A description is given of a disease of the alder in Wim- 

 borne. In which the leaves shrivel up and the stems show dark spots that gradu- 

 ally increase in size until the branch dies. In this manner the trees die from 

 the top downward. On the dead tissues are numerous small black fructifications 

 of the fungus, which on examination proved to be Valsa oxystoma. 



Trochila populorum, C. W. Edgerton (Mycoloyla, 2 (1910), No. //. pp. 169- 

 173, figs. 7). — Attention is called to the probable identity of the discomycete 

 T. popuJoruin with the common poplar fungus (Marsonia castagnci) as indicated 

 by cultural experiments with both fungi. 



Some parasitic Polyporaceae, C. D. Learn (Proc. Iowa Acad. NcJ., 16 (1909). 

 I)p. 23-29, pis. 5). — A study has been made of certain species of Polyporac(»:('. 

 and descriptions are given of the characteristic changes which their mycelia 

 Iiroduce in the wood of the trees in which they grow. 



Tlie species discussed are Pyropolyporus igniarius. P. crcrhartii. P. fuJrus, 

 and Elfringia mcgaloma, the most characteristic and common wound parasites 

 infesting the chief fcn-est trees of Iowa. 



On fungi destructive to wood. C. Rumbold (Ann. Sci. Agron., 3. ser., 5 

 (1910), I. \os. J,, pp. 282-296. figs. II ; .7. pp. 321-351, figs. 7; 6, pp. 401-.'i32, 

 figs. 2). — Results are given of investigations on the cuHure, development, condi- 

 tions of existence, and characteristics of the following fungi which are de- 

 structive to wood: Agancus adiposus, A. melleus, Coniophora cerehella, D(rdn- 

 Iva qiicroina, Lenzites abietina, L. sepiaria, MeruUiis lacrynuins, Polyporus 

 annosus, P. betulinus, P. fom.cntarins, P. fulvus, P. igniarius, P. pinicola, P. 

 vaporarius, and ^rhizophyUuni alnruni. 



The carnation rust, L. Fondard (Rrv. Hort. \ Paris], S2 (1910). No. IJf, pp. 

 336-338, fig. 1). — A popular d<'scrii)tion is given of this fungus (llromyccs caryo- 

 phyUiniis) . the conditions favoring its dcveloitnient. and methods of combating 

 it. The two most efficient treatments were found to be a thorough dusting with 

 sulphur, and spraying with coj)per suli)hate. 



Gladiolus bulb rots, E. Wallack ((}ardening, 18 (1910), No. 1,28, pp. 308, 

 309, figs. 2). — A preliminary report is made of an examination of diseased 

 gladiolus bulbs from which three different fungi have been isolated, grown in 



