ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 273 



come to behave like females. Contrariwise, if testicular extract be injected 

 into those females that are acting like females they come to act like males. 

 . . . The sex behavior of a bird is probably determined by internal secretions 

 from its sex glands carried to its central nervous system. On this hyiwthesis 

 the quality of the internal secretions of the ovaries of birds that act like males 

 must be different from those of birds that act like females. The effect of the 

 injected extract may perhaps be regarded as superior to that induced by the 

 natural secretion of the ovaries." 



The Campines, edited by F. L. Tlatt {Quincy, III: Rcl. Poultry Jour. Pub. 

 Co., 19U, pp. S7, pi. J, figs. SO).— This .treats of the history, care, and manage- 

 ment of this breed of poultry. 



The White Leg'hom, P. B. IIadley (Jour. Ilercdily, 6 (1915), No. J,, pp. 1^7- 

 151. fig. 1). — This material has been previously reported from other sources (B. 

 S. K., 30. p. 71; 32, p. 671). 



Chickens: Milk feeding and its influence on growth and mortality. — Com- 

 parative study of the value of sweet and sour milk, L. F. Reitger, W. F. 

 KiRKPATRiCK, and L. E. Card {Connecticut Storrs Hta. Bui. 80 (1915), pp. 28, 

 figs. _?7).— This is a continuation of work previously noted (E. S. R., 31, p. 484). 

 The former experiments demonstrated that the feeding of milk to young chicks 

 has a most favorable influence on the growth and on the lessening of mortality 

 of the chicks. It tends to prevent mortality from all causes, and if fed soon 

 enough and for a sufficiently long period, greatly reduces the death rate caused 

 by bacillary white diarrhea. 



The later experiments demonstrated that sweet and sour milk are ap- 

 parently of equal value in their relation to growth and mortality, and that the 

 different degrees of souring do not alter the results of milk feeding. The com- 

 bined results on the 2,250 chicks fed show that those which received the sour 

 milk gained 0.26 lb. per ten chicks for each pound of total solids consumed ; the 

 chicks that were fed sweet milk made a corresponding gain of 0.25 lb., and those 

 which were not given any milk, 0.2 lb. In the lots of chicks which had been 

 infected with Bacterium pullorum the mortality percentage was in the case of 

 the sour-milk-fed chicks 40, sweet milk 39, no milk 54. and with uninfected lots 

 17, 16, and 30, respectively. 



It is concluded that the value of milk as a food for chicks does not depend 

 upon any acids that may be present, nor upon any particular types of mici'o- 

 organisms, but upon the natural constituents of the milk. It is said that when 

 milk is supplied freely to chicks it is important that they have abundant exer- 

 cise, otherwise they are subject to leg weakness. This applies more particularly 

 to early hatched chicks that are brooded wholly or for the most part indoors. 

 The feeding of sweet or sour milk to young chicks has not been found in any 

 way injurious to the chicks. If the milk is clean and not too old, none but the 

 most favorable results should accompany its use as a food for chicks. There is 

 no preference in the choice of sweet or of sour milk, but it seems very desirable 

 that the same kind of milk be supplied throughout the milk feeding period. 



The poultry industry in New York State (xV. Y. Dept. Agr. Bui. 65 (191^), 

 pp. 202-445, figs. 109). — This bulletin includes articles on the various breeds of 

 poultiy, the breeding of poultry for egg production, incubation, brooders and 

 brooding, rearing chickens, feeding for egg production, poultry house construc- 

 tion, poulti-y diseases, market egg problems, and other related topics. 



The egg and poultry demonstration car work in reducing our $50,000,000 

 waste in eggs, Maky E. Pennington, H. C. Pierce, and H. L. Sheadek (U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Yearbook 1914, pp. 363-380, pis. 4, fig. 1). — This is a popular review of 

 work previously reported (E. S. R., 31, p. 570), describing the various grades of 



