ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 367 



conditions of the vascular system favor an increased rate of blood flow on 

 Pikes Peak. 



Some metabolic influences of bathing" in the Great Salt Lake, Helen I. and 

 H. A. Mattill {Amcr. Jour. Physiol, 36 (WIS), No. 4, pp. 4S8-500, fig. 1).— 

 Observations upon two subjects indicated that bathing exerts a stimulating 

 effect on metabolism. The excretion of chlorids and total nitrogen was mate- 

 rially increased during the bathing periods. 



Healthy atmosphere, L. Hill (Nature [London], 95 (1915), No. 2373 pp. 

 205-201, figs. 3). — In this article, which emphasizes the importance of the 

 rate of cooling the body to comfort and health, two pieces of apparatus are 

 described. These consist of a wet and dry kata thermometer by means of which 

 can be measured the rate of heat loss by radiation, convection, and evaporation, 

 as well as the vapor pressure of the atmosphere, and a caleometer, which auto- 

 matically indicates the amount of heat energy required to maintain a coil of 

 wire at body temperature and thus shows the cooling effect of air currents. 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



Influence on growth of rations restricted to the com or wheat grain, E. B. 

 Hart and E. V. McCollum (Jour. Biol. Chcm., 19 (1914), No. 3, pp. 373-395, 

 pi. 1, figs. 11). — ^A continuation of work previously noted (E. S. R., 26, p. 467; 

 83, p. 69). 



In these studies the authors found that " when swine are restricted to corn 

 meal and gluten feed little or no growth can be secured, but with an addition 

 of salts, making the entire ash content of the ration very similar in quality to 

 that of milk, growth approximating that of a normal curve was secured to at 

 least 275 lbs. These results are not in harmony with the theoiy that the failure 

 of swine to grow on corn alone is due entirely to the incomplete nature of its 

 protein content. Restriction to mixed grains and distilled water did not allow 

 nomial growth with swine. This emphasizes again the very great importance 

 of either the mineral side of a ration, or as yet unknown factors operative in 

 the normal environment of this species, namely, soil rooting, natural water, etc. 



" When the wheat kernel supplied all the nutrients, growth was again limited 

 with both swine and rats. However, when the salt content was modified to 

 resemble milk some growth could be secured, but ultimately this ceased, fol- 

 lowed by partial paralysis, particularly in swine, and a general decline. Cor- 

 recting the mineral content of the wheat kernel alone Induces a certain amount 

 of growth, but the benefit is only temporary. When the wheat kernel was forti- 

 fied with salts and butter fat, the growth curve was very much improved in 

 both species, although a normal curve was not secured. The animals, however, 

 remained vigorous and strong for a very much longer period, although partial 

 decline in some individuals, mainly characterized by stiffness, ultimately set in. 

 However, when the wheat kernel, salt, and butter fat ration was supplemented 

 with casein to the extent of 2.5 per cent of the ration, a normal curve of growth 

 was secured for swine. Similar results were secured with rats. Rations may 

 contain as much as SO to 90 per cent of wheat without bad effects when supple- 

 mented with milk or egg yolk. Normal reproduction as well as normal growth 

 have been secured with such rations." 



Value of proteins from different sources (Wisconsin Sta. Bui. 250 (1915), 

 pp. 49-52, figs. 2). — The data reported are included in the article noted above. 



Effect of rations from single plant sources (Wisconsin Sta. Bui. 250 (1915), 

 pp. 48, 49). — The studies to determine the physiological effect of rations from 

 single plant sources are briefly noted, those with calves and swine being ab- 

 stracted above. 



