VETERINARY MEDICINE. 481 



Remarks on the work of Krautstrunk on tuberculosis protective vaccina- 

 tion tests with antiphymatol, M. Ivlimmer (Ztschr. Infektiomkrank. u. Hyg. 

 Hausticrc. 15 (1914), ^o. 2. pp. 169-115). — A discussion of the article previously 

 noted (E. S. E., 20, p. r)84). 



The intradermal test in bovine tuberculosis, II. Welch (Montana Sta. Bui. 

 105 {1915), pp. 351-380, figs. 20).— The subject of bovine tuberculosis in relation 

 to public health and as a stockman's problem is tirst discussed and illustrations 

 of tuberculous animals and pathologic tissues taken thei'efrom are shown. 



The intradermal test was found equal in accuracy to the thermal test. The 

 ordinary tuberculin produced by the Bureau of Animal Industry of the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture, for thermal testing, containing 5 per cent glycerol, 

 was found preferable to any other kind for intradermal testing. In over 3,000 

 tests no swellings were observed that would be confusing. 



"After an intradermal test, a retest of an infected animal in 6 to 8 days will 

 give a distinct reaction. If several retests are made at similar intervals, 

 the reaction becomes less and less characteristic with each injection of the 

 tuberculin. . . . 



" In applying the intradermal and the thermal tests at the same time, no 

 appreciable effect Is noticeable on the temperature curve but the size of the 

 local reaction is somewhat modified. . . . 



" When the cattle have been tested first by the thermal method, diseased 

 animals frequently will not react to the intradermal test for at least 20 days, 

 though the exact time has not been determined." 



A large number of tuberculous animals will have to be tested and retested 

 before an approximate time limit can be set for such a retest. It was also 

 found that some animals react to the intradermal test but not to the thermal 

 test. " Both tests applied simultaneously to a herd should, in the great ma- 

 jority of cases, pick out all the tuberculous animals." 



In all, there w^ere 4,055 Intradermal tests on " 2,635 cattle, there being 1,420 

 retests made by this method. One hundred and seventy-two cattle reacted; 

 ]69 of these were slaughtered and 168 were found tuberculous on post-mortem 

 examination." 



With calves typical reactions were obtained at four months of age, although 

 it seems probable that the reaction would be typical in younger animals. In 

 testing range cattle a corral or chute and some sort of a squeeze may be em- 

 ployed. " One man and a helper can test range cattle accurately at the rate of 

 about 200 a day for an indefinite period. . . . 



"The objection to the intradermal method as an official test [for interstate 

 shipments], that is most frequently advanced, is that it leaves no record. As 

 a matter of fact, it leaves more record on the cow than does the thermal 

 test. . . . The intradermal test, in economy of time, labor, and expense, is 

 preferable to the thermal test." 



See also a note by Haring and Bell (E. S. R., 30, p. 883). 



Studies on the biochemistry and chemotherapy of tuberculosis. — VIII, 

 Therapeutic use of certain azo dyes in experimentally produced tuberculosis 

 in guinea pigs, Lydia M. De Witt (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 14 (1914), No. 3, pp. 

 498-511).— A continuation of work previously noted (E. S. R., 30, p. 80; 31, 

 p. 583). 



" Trypanblue and trypanred readily penetrate the tubercle in all stages 

 of its development, thus showing that it is possible to penetrate the avascular 

 tubercle by chemicals introduced either subcutaneously, intravenously, or 

 intraperitoneally. Trypanblue and ti-ypanred do not penetrate the tubercle 

 bacillus well, and do not kill it^ in vitro even after 24 hours' exposure to a 



