RURAL ENGINEERING. 485 



valley, and the rain that falls on the valley, and is nearly or wholly inclosed 

 by impervious bed rock, except at the south end where there is underflow into 

 the Salt River valley. 



" There is no evidence of artesian structure in the valley fill nor in the sur- 

 rounding bed rocks, and wells should be drilled with the understanding that 

 pumping will be necessary. Exceiit near the Arizona canal the ground water is of 

 good quality for domestic and industrial uses and for irrigation. Even in the 

 vicinity of the canal it is believed to be usable for irrigation. . . . Both the yield 

 of wells and the ultimate supply of ground water will no doubt be found to be 

 much less in Paradise Valley than in the Salt River valley, but the prospects for 

 obtaining dependable supplies from underground sources for irrigation on a small 

 scale are sufficiently encouraging to justify the sinking and testing of wells. 

 On account of the great depths to the water table the cost of ground-water sup- 

 plies will at best be high, but it is believed that if "electric power is obtained 

 at a low price, if crops are raised that are valuable and do not require veiy 

 large quantities of water, such as long-staple cotton, and if thrift and good 

 management are applied it wiU be practicable to pump the available supply of 

 ground water for irrigation in the southern part of the valley." 



A plan for municipal irrigation from the Los Angeles aqueduct, B. A. 

 Heinly {Engin. News, 73 {1915), No. 7, pp. SU-^^tO, fig. i).— It is stated in 

 this article that the surplus waters of the Los Angeles aqueduct are to be dis- 

 tributed by a number of main conduits and a vast network of smaller pipe to 

 irrigate 87,090 acres. 



The soil of the district to be irrigated ranges from sandy loam to clay, and 

 much of it is said to be adapted to the growth of citrus fruits. 



In this system there will be 317 miles of riveted steel mains from 8 to 54 in. 

 in diameter under a head of from 40 to 300 ft. Storage reservoirs will also 

 form a part of the system. The estimated cost of the entire project is $4,472,674, 

 or $50.90 per acre. Of the latter, $17.42 will be borne by the city and $83.58 

 by the owners of the land to be irrigated. 



The Valier-Montana irrigation project, K. A. Heron (Engin. News, 73 

 {1915), No. 6, pp. 24I-246, figs. 12). — A description is given of what is said to 

 be the largest Carey Act project in Montana. Important features of this project 

 are a rock fill dam 165 ft. high forming a large reservoir, a larger storage reser- 

 voir formed by a less important dam, and 153 miles of main and 274 miles of 

 distributing laterals on which are structures, including concrete chutes, pipe 

 lines, and drops, to reduce high velocities. 



Thirteenth annual report of' the Reclamation Service, 1913—14 {Ann. Rpt. 

 Reclamation Serv. [U. S.]. 13 {1914), PP- V-\-505). — This report relates in par- 

 ticular to the work completed and in progress during the fiscal year ended June 

 30, 1914, but contains also information in regard to previous operations, "in 

 order that the methods, progress, and results of reclamation work may be more 

 readily understood." 



Notes in connection with the work in the hydrographic department of the 

 Porto Rico Irrigation Service, F. K. Knapp {Cornell Civ. Engin., 23 {1915), 

 No. 5, pp. 195-206). — "These notes are based upon the Porto Rican Irrigation 

 Service records of observations in connection with the actual routine field work 

 prior to operation, and are comments upon some special problems arising from 

 unusual conditions rather than discussion of hydrographic investigations." 



Irrigation in Spain, G. F. de la Rosa {Bol. Agr. T6g. y Econ., 6 {1914), No. 

 67, pp. 620-622; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome'\, Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and 

 Plant Diseases, 5 {1914), No. 11, pp. 1420, 1421).—Th.Q total irrigated area in 



