486 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Spain is estimated at 3,233,108 acres, of which about 200,000 acres are irri- 

 gated with subsoil water. Two-thirds of the area is distributed in the four 

 great districts of Spain as follows : Aragon and Navarre, 580,091 acres ; Cata- 

 lonia, 472,920 acres; Levante, 629,259 acres, and the Boetic-Mediterranean re- 

 gion, 364,690 acres. 



Three systems of irrigation are practiced, namely, pumping from wells, 

 canals fed by the large rivers, and artificial lakes or reservoirs, the third being 

 preferred. The use of artesian water has not been very successful 



Beport of the interstate conference on artesian water {Rpt. Interstate 

 Conf. Artesian Water [Aust.l, 1912, pp. ZF+275, pis. .^2).— This report covers 

 the origin, extent, and use of artesian water in Australia, hydrographic surveys, 

 boring and casing of artesian wells, and legislation for controlling artesian 

 bores, and devotes considerable space to the corrosion of well casings. 



Ownership and disposal of seepage water, J. G. Whitehead (Irrig. Age, 30 

 {1915), No. 4, pp. lOIf, 105, fig. 1). — The subject is discussed from the standpoints 

 of both the landowner whose land is seeped and the landowner whose land needs 

 irrigation, it being concluded " that the ownership and control of seepage water 

 is now, and should be, in the landowner on whose land it is." 



Malaria control: Drainage as an antimalarial measure, J. A. A. Le Prince 

 (Pm&. Health Rpts. [U. S.], 30 {1915), No. 8, pp. 536-545, figs. 13).— The author 

 discusses land drainage as an antimosquito measure, with particular reference 

 to training natural streams and water courses, construction of open and inter- 

 cepting ditches, installation of permanent lining in ditches, subsurface draining, 

 filling, and proper maintenance. He points out that the ordinary methods of 

 draining agricultural land are not sufBcient for mosquito control, and states 

 that land must not only be properly drained, but the drainage ditches must be 

 so planned, constructed, and maintained that they will not become a breeding 

 place for mosquitoes. "As a general rule shallow water is more favorable to 

 mosquito production than deep water. A depth of an inch is sufficient; there- 

 fore, in order to prevent mosquito breeding we must remove all the water or 

 make conditions unfavorable." 



The agricultural utilization of the water of municipal sewage, R. Pekotti 

 {Bol. Quincl. Soc. Agr. Ital., 19 {1914), No. 22, pp. 801-810).— The author dis- 

 cusses the possibilities in the agricultural use of municipal sewage, both for 

 Irrigation and fertilizing purposes. He points out, however, the importance of 

 making such a process successful from the standpoints of both agriculture and 

 sewage purification and disposal. He suggests, therefore, that it be a Govern- 

 ment undertaking. 



Disposal of sewage from hospitals and medical establishments, H. Ktjhl 

 {Heilanstalt, 8 {1913), No. 2, pp. 21-23; ads. in Wasser u. Ahwasser, 9 {1915), 

 No. 2, p. 37). — The best process for the purification of such sewage is said to 

 be by land irrigation. Where the necessary land is unavailable a biological 

 sewage purification system is considered necessary. A number of such systems 

 are described. 



Fifth biennial report of the state highway commissioner, F. F. Rogers 

 (Bien. Rpt. State Highway Comr. Mich., 5 {1913-14), pp. 123, pis. 34, figs. 9).— 

 This is a report of the activities of the commissioner during the biennium ended 

 with June, 1914. Considerable structural data are included. 



Results of French experiments on the transmission of pressure through 

 macadam to the subgrade, W. De H. Washington {Engin. and Contract., 42 

 {1914), No. 25, p. 571). — French tests on the amount of pressure exerted through 



