540 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



The methods of reproduction in olive culture, C. Campbell {Staz. Sper. 

 Agr. Ital., 47 (1914), No. 4, pp. 297-307).— A biological discussion relative to 

 the sexual and asexual methods of propagating olives, with special reference to 

 the judicious selection of stock and scion. 



Bench rooting of citrus nursery stock, W. R. Ralston {Cal. Cult., ^^ {1915), 

 No. 19, pp. 556, 557,%. 1; Univ. Cal. Jour. Agr., 2 {1915), No. 8, pp. 292-294, 

 fig, J). —Investigations conducted by the author at the University of California 

 have shown that the bench root trouble of citrus trees, which has been com- 

 monly attributed to the presence of roclc or other hard substances beneath the 

 seed when planted, is not due to any external influence, but to the peculiar 

 toughness of the fibrous seed coat, through which the root is unable to pene- 

 trate until it has bent and twisted itself to the detriment of the future tree. 



It is found that by removing the coat of the seeds very carefully bench 

 root can be totally avoided. This, however, is too expensive a process for nur- 

 sery practice. Extended experiments have shown that if the seeds are soaked 

 from 36 to 48 hours before planting the bench root will be reduced to 15 per 

 cent of the total number of the seedlings planted. 



Notes on the lime and the lemon as sources of citric acid and essential oils, 

 W. R. DuNLOP (Bill. Imp. Inst. [So. Kensington], 13 {1915), No. 1, pp. 66-87). — 

 In these notes the author contrasts the lemon and the lime as sources of citrus 

 products and compares their respective yields and positions in the world's 

 markets. An outline is given of the methods practiced in cultivating limes 

 in the West Indies, including information relative to the commerce in lime 

 products. 



The blood orange in the territory of Caltagirone, F. T. Cocuzza {Ann. R. 

 Stas. Sper. Agrum. e Frutticol. Acirealc, 2 {1914), PP- 1-13). — ^An account of 

 the blood orange in Caltagirone with reference to its culture, harvesting, and 

 marketing, together with analytical data relative to the dimensions, weight, 

 volume, specific gravity, and chemical analysis. 



The cultivation of the hazelnut in the Province of Messina, M. Stanca- 

 NELLi {Ann. R. Staz. Sper. Agrum. e Frutticol. Acireale, 2 {1914), PP- 129-214).— 

 A monograph on the hazelnut {Corylus avellana) with reference to its history, 

 economic importance in Sicily, climatic and soil requirements, botany, and 

 varieties, together with details relative to the establishment and care of hazel- 

 nut plantations, methods of harvesting, preparation, conservation, and commerce. 

 Economic data are also given relative to the cost of establishing a plantation, 

 cost of production, and returns, including statistics on the commerce of hazelnuts. 



An extensive bibliography of cited literature is given. 



Dahlias tried at Duffryn, 1914 {Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc., 40 {1915), No. S, pp. 

 542, 543). — Data are given on a variety test of dahlias conducted at Duffryn 

 under the direction of the Royal Horticultural Society. 



The gardenette or city back yard gardening by the sandwich system, B. F. 

 Albaugh (Cincinnati: Stewart & Kidd Company, 1915, 3. ed., pp. 138, pis. 33). — 

 A popular treatise on vegetable and flower gardening, in which the author 

 advocates and discusses the use of plant beds with an under stratum of straw 

 or stable litter about 5 in. deep upon which is placed a thin layer of rich, fine, 

 stable manure, covered by another layer of stable litter about 2 in. deep, and 

 then with 4 in. of street scrapings or compost. It is claimed for such beds, 

 which are especially applicable to back-yard gardening, that they mature crops 

 earlier than ordinary garden soils, are well-aerated, and drain off the surplus 

 water well when irrigated. 



The use of charcoal as a medium for plant growth, A. Appleyaed (Jour. 

 Roy. Hort. Soc, 40 (1915), No. 3, pp. 473-475).— A short review of the literature 

 dealing with the use of charcoal by gardeners. 



