556 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



previous to the batching of tlie apple suckers, will control this pest and the 

 leaf -curling plum aphis. 



Effect of cyanid of potassium on trees, C. H. Shattuck (Science, n. ser., 

 41 {1915), No. 1052, p. 32Jf). — In continuing the discussion of this subject (E. S. 

 R., 32, p. 754) the author states that his experience with cyanid of potassium, 

 especially on elms and black locusts, has convinced him that it is a valuable 

 remedy. He states that he has used potassium cyanid for several years in 

 eliminating borers from various trees without causing any staining, killing, or 

 in any way injuring the trees. He has prescribed it for the use of others for 

 about 12 years in connection with forestry work and states that he has saved 

 the lives of thousands of trees that have been attacked by boring and girdling 

 insects. " Large groves of thrifty elms and black locusts in Kansas and other 

 parts of the West have been completely rescued from the attacks of boring and 

 girdling insects by means of cyanid of potassium." 



New fumigating- machines, G. P. Gray (Mo. Bui. Com. Hort. Cal., 4 (1915), 

 No. 2, pp. 68-80, figs. 4). — Newly invented fumigating machines in which hydro- 

 cyanic gas is generated outside and conducted into the tents through hose are 

 described and illustrated and the advantages and disadvantages discussed. The 

 author concludes "that the machines are correct in principle, although there 

 are still some points that need more thorough investigation. There are me- 

 chanical imperfections in the machines, but they nevertheless offer many im- 

 portant advantages over the pot system of dosage." 



Cyanid fumigation of ships, N. Robeets (Puh. Health Rpts. [U. S.'], 29 

 (191Ji), No. 50, pp. 3321-3325). — This is a description of the method used at 

 New Orleans. 



On certain peculiar fungus parasites of living insects, R. Thaxter (Bot. 

 Gaz., 58 (1914), No. 3, pp. 235-253, pis. 4).— This paper gives descriptions of 

 5 genera and 10 species. Of the genera, 3 are veiy closely allied to well-known 

 genera of Hyphomycetes, one belongs to the Hyphomycetes but is not closely 

 related to any described species, and the other seems to be more nearly related 

 to the Chytridiales than to other known organisms. 



An outline of the subfamilies and higher groups of the insect order Thysa- 

 noptera, J. D. Hood (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28 (1915), pp. 53-60).— The author 

 calls attention to the fact that within the last several years the number of 

 known genera of Thysanoptera has increased from 45 to 169 and the known 

 species from 175 to 795. With the increase in the size and importance of the 

 group has come the necessity for a more comprehensive classification than that 

 of Uzel proposed in 1895 (E. S. R., 8, p. 69). 



The grape leaf hopper, D. E. Mekkill (New Mexico Sta. Bui. 94 (1915), pp. 

 S3, figs. 10). — This account relates to Typhlocyha comes and its variety colora- 

 densis, which pest is a source of serious loss in yield each year in New Mexico. 

 In addition to the loss in yield, it greatly lessens the vigor of the vines and 

 sometimes they are even killed by it. There are two full broods and a small 

 third each year in New Mexico. Control has been demonstrated to be possible 

 and practicable by means of cultural methods, by spraying the spring brood of 

 nymphs with kerosene emulsion or tobacco extracts, and by capturing the over- 

 wintering adults before they lay the eggs in the spring with traps. 



Life-history studies of this insect by Quayle in California (E. S. R., 20. p. 

 557), by Hartzell in New York (E. S. R., 28, p. 855), and by Johnson in Pennsyl- 

 vania (E. S. R., 80, p. 547) have been previously noted. 



Psylla piri and the fight against it by means of a new combined kerosene- 

 lime emulsion, Gudkov (Turkest. Sclslc. Khoz., No. 3 (1914), PP- 263-289; ahs. 

 in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), Ser. A, No. 7, pp. 422, 7/23).— The author reports 



