BURAL ENGINEERING. 583 



bule, tubercle-like lieruorrbagic centers of tbe nasal uiucous membrane in pur- 

 pura bemorrbagica, and marantic ulcers caused by pressure in tbe larynx. 



Microfilariasis of the horse in Turkestan, W. L. Yakimow, N. I. Sciiochos, 

 P. M. KosELKiN, W. W. WiNOGBADOVV, and A. P. Demidow (Ztschr. Jnfclc- 

 tionskriink. u. Hug. dcr Uaustiere, 16 {1915), No. //, pp. 215-286, fig. 1).—An 

 account of studies of tbe disease termed by tbe authors Turkestan microfilaria- 

 sis, including its clinical appearance, hematological investigations, description 

 of tbe microfilaria, and remedial measures. Tbe form occuring in Turkestan 

 apparently represents a new species, to which the name Microfilaria ninw kohl- 

 yakimovi is given. 



A list of 21 references to the literature is included. 



RTTKAL ENGINEERING. 



Tenth biennial report of the state engineer to the governor of Idaho ( Bicn. 

 Rpt. State Engin. Idaho, 10 {1913-14), pp. Ji22, figs. 5). — Tbis report covers tbe 

 operations of the state engineer's office for 1913 and 1914, paying special atten- 

 tion to irrigation and measurement of stream flow and including a report on 

 duty of water investigations by D. H. Bark, noted below. 



Irrigation investigations in Wyoming, 1913—14, Augusta F. Johnston 

 {Cheyenne: State of Wyoming, 1915, pp. llf). — Tbis report, based on cooperative 

 irrigation experiments carried on by the Office of Experiment Stations of tbis 

 Department and tbe State of Wyoming, reviews the work at the experimental 

 farms and discusses irrigation extension work in the State. 



Water conservation and irrigation {Rpt. Comr. Water Conserv. and Jrrig. 

 [N. S. TFo/e.s], 1912-13, pp. 72, pis. 4)- — This report covers government work 

 relating to irrigation and water conservation for tbe years 1912 and 1913. 



Duty of water investigations, D. H. Bark {Bien. Rpt. State Engin. Idaho, 

 10 {1913-14), pp. 63-177, figs. 5).— These investigations (E. S. R., 29, p. 180) 

 have been continued and conducted in cooperation with the Office of Experiment 

 Stations of tbe U. S. Department of Agriculutre, to cover four seasons. Points 

 not brought out in tbe previous report are summarized as follows: 



Factors and conditions tending to decrease the duty are " porous soil, infer- 

 tile soil, cheap water, careless use, poorly prepared land, small irrigation beads, 

 poorly constructed leaky ditches, continuous-flow method of delivery, lack of 

 cultivation, and large acreages of alfalfa and pasture and other crops with 

 large water requirements." Factors and conditions tending to increase the duty 

 are " deep soil of fine texture, an underlying strata of bardpan, expensive water, 

 ca-reful, skillful use, well-leveled land, large irrigation beads, short runs, use of 

 rotation systems, diversification of crops, well-constructed irrigation systems 

 with small transmission losses, fall plowing and intensive surface cultivation, 

 and large acreages of winter grain, cultivated crops, and orchard and other 

 crops of low-water requirements. 



" The amount of water required by a project depends upon tbe duty of water 

 at the land, losses in reservoirs where water is stored, transmission losses from 

 the point of diversion to tbe land to be irrigated, and the proportion of a 

 project that is ultimately irrigated. Tbe required duty for a crop on any soil 

 can be roughly determined by ascertaining bow many irrigations tbe crop will 

 require during tbe season and tbe amount of water tbe soil will require per 

 irrigation. ... A sufficient quantity should be delivered to each individual 

 over and above 2 acre-feet, so that be may, if unavoidable, waste not to exceed 

 12.5 per cent of tbe water delivered to him. . . . The light summer rainfall 

 common to south Idaho has but little effect on tbe amount of irrigation re- 

 quired. . . . Fall plowing tends to increase materially production and decrease 



