VETERIITARY MEDICINE. 179 



Jones and Schattenfrob processes of disinfection it appears that neittier exerts 

 any injurious effect upon hides or leather. 



Bacteriological tests were also made with formalin and phenol and the pieces 

 of hide treated by these disinfectants examined and tanned in the Leather 

 and Paper Laboratory of the Bureau of Chemistry. So far as could be deter- 

 mined by a limited number of tests 2^ per cent of formalin is efHcient bac- 

 teriologicaliy, both against anthrax spores and against other organisms, while 

 5 per cent of phenol is fairly efficient against nonspore-bearing organisms but 

 is practically useless against anthrax spores. Pieces of hide disinfected by 

 formalin in 2^ per cent solution were so seriously affected by the disinfectant 

 that it was almost impossible to tan them, while pieces treated with carbolic 

 acid were uninjured. 



During the course of the investigation the author noted considerable varia- 

 tion in the vitality and virulence of anthrax spores from different sources. 



The susceptibility of animals to infectious bulbar paralysis, S. von Ratz 

 (ZtscJir. Infcktionskrank. u. Ihjg. Jlaustiere, 15 {1914), No. 2, pp. 99-106; 

 abs. in Anier. Vet. Rev., 46 {1915), No. 6, pp. 587-589).— The author finds that 

 wild boars and carnivora (foxes) are susceptible to Aujeszky's disease. 



Curative experiments with, salvarsan in infectious bulbar paralysis, F. 

 HuTYEA {Berlin. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 30 {1914), No. 82, pp. 578, 579).— In the 

 first series of experiments conducted use was made of a virus obtained from 

 artificially infected rabbits, pieces of brain the size of a pea being emulsified 

 in 8 cc. of bouillon. Each of four rabbits was subcutaneously injected with 

 1 cc. of the emulsion, followed at dilferent intervals by the intravenous injec- 

 tion of 0.01 gm. of salvarsan per kilogram of body weight. In a second series 

 of seven rabbits use was made of a virus obtained through emulsifying 0.5 

 gm. of brain substance in 100 cc. of physiological salt solution. Ten cc. of this 

 emulsion was injected, and the dosage of salvarsan was increased to from 0.04 

 or 0.08 gm. per kilogram of body weight. 



All four of the animals in the first series succumbed to the disease but 

 three of the seven in the second series, two in which the salvarsan was 

 administered at once after the infection and one in which it was adminis- 

 tered 24 hours after the infection, recovered. It is suggested that the cure 

 of the last-mentioned rabbit may have been due to a particularly high natural 

 resistance. 



Foot-and-mouth disease, J. W. Connaway and D. F. Luckey {Handy and 

 Pract. Farm Lihr. [J/issowri], Mo. Bui., 12 {1914), No. 11, pp. 5S6, figs. 5).— A 

 description of the disease, its ravages in the United States and abroad, with 

 special reference to the most recent epizootic. Diseases which may be mis- 

 taken for foot-and-mouth disease are also discussed. 



Virus carriers as factors in the spread of foot-and-mouth disease, J. R. 

 MoHLER and A. Eichhoen {Amer. Jour. Vet. Med., 10 {1915), No. 5, pp. 310- 

 315, 34O). — The authors here review the literature relating to virus carriers 

 of foot-and-mouth disease, the number of which appears to be relatively small. 

 It appears that animals which have apparently recovered from the disease 

 must be kept separated from healthy cattle for at least seven months until all 

 danger of their being virus carriers has passed. It still remains to be deter- 

 mined what part of the body harbors the virus. 



Hay as a carrier of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease {Landiv. Vmschau, 

 No. 9 {1914); ahs. in Munchen. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 65 {1914), No. 12, p. 279; 

 Vet. Rec, 27 {1915), No. 1385, p. 390).— An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease 

 on a farm in the district of Aurich is thought to have originated in hay 

 that had been cut and kept in a stack for nearly 2.5 years. 



