ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 657 



tions during the winter in either Enj,'lan(l or Canada. Neither has it been 

 possible in breeding experiments in Canada or England to carry it throuKb the 

 winter in tlie pupal stage. He recognizes the possibility, however, that it may 

 do so in a more southern latitude. 



The larva and puparium of the frit fly, T. R. Hewitt {Sci. Proc. Roy. 

 Dublin Sue, n. ser., IJ, (1914), No. 23, pp. 313-816, pi. 1).—A detailed de.scrip- 

 tion of the early stages of Oscinis frit, one of the worst cereal pests in Europe 

 and common in the British Isles, particularly in several counties of Ireland. 



Fleas, F. C. Bisiiopp {U. S. Dept. At/r. Bui. 24S (1915), pp. 31, figs. 9).— A 

 popular summarized account of fleas, including their biulogy, host and disease 

 relations, and control and remedial measures. 



The May beetle in Bukowina and the conditions favoring its dissemination 

 in central Europe, F. Zweigelt {Naturw. Ztschr. Forst u. Landw., 12 (1914), 

 Nos. 6, pp. 265-291; 7, pp. 329-344, figs. 4; ahs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), 

 Ser, A, No. 11, p. 640). — This is a discussion of the occurrence of May beetles 

 {Melolontlia vulr/aris and J/. Jiippocastani) in eastern Austria-Hungary, and 

 particularly the outbreak of 1912, their injury, climatic and other conditions 

 influencing their increase and spread, control measures, etc. A bibliograpliy 

 of 9 titles is appended. 



Occurrence and distribution of the May beetle in lower Austria in 1913, 

 F. Zweigelt (Mitt. Bot. Vcrsuchslab. u. Lab. Pfianzenlcrank. K. K. Onol.-Pomol. 

 Inst. Elostenieuburg, n. ser.. No. 5 (1914), PP- 16, figs. 3). — This is supple- 

 mentary to the account above noted. 



Laboulbeniales parasitic on Chrysonielidas, R. Tpiaxter (Proc. Amcr. Acad. 

 Arts and Sci., 50 (1914), No. 2, pp. 17-50). — Thirty-one new species, parasitic 

 on leaf-feeding beetles and collected from various regions in the Tropics, are 

 described as new. "While a great majority of tlie clirysomelid parasites belong 

 to the genus Laboulbenia, two other genera are represented by well-marked 

 forms, namely, Dimoeromyces, contributing four species from Mexico, the West 

 Indies, and the Straits Settlements; and Ceraiomyces, including seven species, 

 six of which are parasitic on flea-beetles from the West Indies and Brazil and 

 the seventh a very peculiar form from Kamerun and Madagascar. 



Borer pests of Ficus elastica, K. W. Dammerman (Dept. Landb., Nijv. en 

 Handel [Dutch East Indies], Medcd. Afdeel. Plantenziekten, No. 7 (1913), pp. 

 48, pis. 4, figs. 2; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), Ser. A, No. 9, pp. 533-536).— A 

 report of studies of the coleopterous borers of the rubber plant (F. elastica) 

 in Java, including 11 species of Cerambycidse and 2 of Curculionidfe. 



Some experiments on the control of wireworms (Elateridse and CJpatridae) 

 (Trudy Bessarabsk. Obshch. Esicst. i Liubit. Estcst., 3 (1911-12), pp. 135- 

 146). — A brief report of experiments in the protection of corn seed from, and 

 the destruction of, wireworms of the genera Corymbites and Opatrum. 



The soaking of seed corn Ln petroleum for as long as 20 minutes did not 

 protect it from wireworm attack. In a series of tests, in which corn coated 

 with powdered arsenicals, etc., was used as a bait, it was found that white 

 arsenic killed 87 per cent of the wireworms in 21 days, Paris green 76 per cent 

 in 16 days, barium chlorid 72 per cent in 19 days, and corrosive sublimate 65 

 per cent in 18 days. 



The principal insects injurious to lucern. — II, Otiorhynchus (Cryphiphorus) 

 ligustici, its description, life habits, and methods of combating it, I. V. 

 Vassiliev (Abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), Ser. A, N'o. 11, pp. 66S, 669).— 

 This is the second part of a work on insect enemies of alfalfa, the first having 

 dealt with Adelphocoris Uneolatus. 



O. ligustici is found everywhere in Europe, except in the more southern 

 parts, and as far east as Tobolsk, Russia. The larvse at first make unimpor- 



