678 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



" Copper, In the form of copper amino acid mixture, does not differ greatly 

 in its systemic (tested in mice witli tlie letlial dose intraperitoneally and intra- 

 muscularly about 0.05 to 0.1 mg. copper per mouse of 10 gm.) and local (tested 

 intracutaneously in guinea pigs) toxicity from that of copper sulphate when 

 equal copper contents were compared. Locally, however, a difference existed 

 in the fact that the copper amino acid mixture produced a hemorrhagic necrotic 

 lesion, whereas the copper sulphate produced a simple necrosis. The local non- 

 necrotizing concentration proved to be 0.01 per cent copper, while 0.001 per 

 cent copper still produced a slight duration. 



"Copper, in the form of copper oleate (50 per cent) in lanolin by inunction, 

 and copper amino acid mixture applied to the skins of guinea pigs is absorbed, 

 but only to a very slight extent and with uncertainty, as shown by the presence 

 of small amounts of copper in the liver." 



About the occurrence of tubercle bacilli in nontuberculous respiratory 

 passages with some secondary finding's of capsule diplococci, C. Titze and 

 H. Lindner (Arb. K. Gsndhtsamt., 47 {191^), No. 3, pp. 47 S-JfOO).— The Scharr 

 and Opalka method (E. S. II., 33, p. 3S7) for collecting mucus for the purpose 

 of diagnosing by bacteriological means the presence or absence of open pul- 

 monary tuberculosis is not deemed an entirely harmless procedure. It can, 

 however, be easily conducted in ordinary practice. 



A diagnosis of open tuberculosis can not be made entirely on the basis of the 

 findings of a few tubercle bacilli in the mucus of the respiratory tract, as the 

 clinical signs must be duly considered. In these investigations tubercle bacilli 

 were noted in 4 out of 45 cows which were apparently free of tuberculosis. lu 

 the respiratory passages of 5 out of 51 bovines which showed no evidences of 

 disease encapsulated, diplococci were noted. 



Investigations of hog tuberculosis and its significance for meat hygiene, 

 C NiEBERLE (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Hyg. Ilaustiere, 16 (1914), No. 1-2, pp. 

 66-80, figs. 3). — Thirty-four cases of tuberculosis in swine were studied. In 

 every instance histological and bacteriological examinations were made of the 

 carcass and the press juice from the muscular tissues was injected into guinea 

 pigs. 



Glasser's findings relative to the existence of two different forms of lymph 

 gland tuberculosis were confirmed ; sometimes these were found together in the 

 same lymph gland. Tubercle bacilli in the lymph glands of hogs, as in bovines, 

 developed tubercles from the cytoblastic tissue. The specific cells of the tu- 

 bercle, i. e., epithelioid cells, which come from the reticulum cells could be 

 detected in the tubercle with ease, but the lymphocytes had no part in the 

 special development process. Additional histological findings relative to develop- 

 ment, etc., of the tubercle and the significance of mixed infections with pus 

 organisms are given. 



Tuberculosis with typical tubercle formation is most often noted in the 

 lymphatic glands, but changes similar to the so-called rayed caseation noted in 

 bovines m-e less often observed in cases of this kind. No lymphoid stage seomM 

 to be present in this purely infiltrative tuberculosis. In the majority of the 

 cases, the foci macroscopically noticeable in the lungs having the appearance of 

 pneumonic areas were not primary pneumonic areas but simply closely crowded 

 miliary tubercles with lesser or greater secondary pneumonic foci. No exten- 

 sion of a tuberculosis process either in the lungs or lymph glands into the blood 

 or lymph stream was noted. 



It is thought that generalization of tuberculosis in swine must occur In- 

 directly by way of the thoracic duct. As the number of tubercle bacilli present 

 in the tuberculous process of swine are few, the filtering power of the lymph 

 glands of these animals is apparently weak. 



