VETERINAEY MEDICIKE. 679 



When the findings are considered from the standpoint of meat inspection, 

 the author believes the so-called tuberculous soft areas, when present, have no 

 significance. In no case when these were present, even in large quantities, did 

 the press juice produce tuberculosis in guinea pigs that received 10 cc. sub- 

 cutaneously. 



Investigations upon the occurrence of antibodies against the Bacillus 

 abortus infectiosi in the blood and milk of animals affected with abortion, 

 R. Reinhaedt and K. Gauss (Ztschr. Infekiionskrank. u. Ilyg. llausiivrc, 16 

 {1915), No. 4, pp. 219-238). — The serum and milk from cows and goats infected 

 with B. abortus were found to contain antibodies which could be noted by the 

 complement fixation and agglutination tests. The amount of antibodies present 

 in milk was much less than in serum. 



For preparing the milk serum, the milk is treated on the water bath at 45° 

 C. with rennet and filtered. The filtrate is used for the test. The agglutina- 

 tion titer of animals afi:ected with abortion ranged beween 1 : 20 and 1 : 1,000 

 and as a rule between 1 : 100 and 1 : 500. The complement binding test is re- 

 garded positive where the deviation is obtained with 0.2 cc. or less of milk 

 serum. Milk is given the preference over blood serum because it can be easily 

 obtained and on account of the fact that some owners object to having blood 

 examinations made. 



Some further experiments in the prevention of bovine epizootic abortion, 

 J. B. Buxton (Vet. Jour., 70 {1914), No. 472, pp. 507-512).— These experiments 

 in immunization were conducted with rabbits, goats, and cows located on farms 

 where abortion was known to exist. The experiments indicated " that it is 

 possible to produce in susceptible animals a sufficiently high degree of immunity 

 against Bacillus abortus by means of suitable doses of a vaccine composed of 

 killed organisms. The figures at present available are not sufficiently numerous 

 to permit of a definite assertion being made. In view, however, of the many 

 advantages which thi.«! method of protection possesses over that entailing the 

 use of living organisms in which the element of risk of infection from the vac- 

 cine has to be taken into consideration, further work in this direction is of the 

 utmost importance." 



The action of arsenical dips in preventing tick infestation, II. W. Graybill 

 {Jour. Parasitology, 1 {1914), No. 1, pp. 48, 49)- — Experiments in continuation 

 of those published in Bulletin 167. of the Bureau of Animal Industry (E. S. R., 

 29. p. 287), conducted with a view to determining what protection dipping 

 offers for a period of 3 or 4 dnys after and the eQ"ect upon the ticks, are briefly 

 reported upon. Two experiments were conducted, in the first of which cittle 

 were exposed to infestation on the third and fourth days after dipping, and in 

 the second ticks were applied to animals 5 days after the last of 4 dippings at 

 intervals of 2 vv-eeks and of 1 week. 



In the first experiment it was determined that animals dipped once in a dip 

 containing sodium arsenite equivalent to 0.1863 per cent as AS2O3 were not pro- 

 tected from infestation when ticks were applied 3 days and 4 days after dipping. 

 It was found, however, that the infestation of the dipped animals was light, 

 whereas that of the controls was heavy. Thus it appears that dipping reduced 

 markedly the degree of infestation. 



The results of the second experiment indicate that dipping animals 4 times 

 at intervals of 1 and of 2 weeks will not protect them from becoming infested 

 when ticks are applied 5 days after the last dipping. The degree of this infesta- 

 tion did not appear to be reduced in the case of the animals dipped at intervals 

 of 2 weeks but in the case of those dipped at intervals of 1 week the infestation 

 was reduced to a very marked extent. Ticks placed on animals 5 days after the 

 last of 4 dippings at intervals of 1 week and of 2 weeks and permitted to 

 engorge showed no indication of arsenical poisoning. 



