HORTICULTURE. 639 



were secured between the sper-ies and wore also found to occur naturally. At- 

 tempts to cross the wild radish with Isatis, Brassica, and Sinapis were also un- 

 successful. From the results of her experiments as a whole the author con- 

 cludes that the cultivated radish has a dual origin. The .Tapanese radish 

 (Dalkon) is descended from R. sutivus raphanistroidcs, a native of China and 

 Japan. The European and Chinese radish appears to be derived from another 

 wild type, native to central Asia, and rare or extinct at the present time. The 

 greater number of cultivated radishes are descended from the latter type. 



The origin of the radish {Oard. Chron., 3. ser., 57 (1915), No. 1483, p. 296).— 

 An abstract of the above-noted work. 



Tomato culture in Montana, L. G. Schermerhoen (Montana 8ta. Circ. 44 

 (1915), pp. 111-119, figs. 5).— A popular treatise on tomato culture discussing 

 location and soils, varieties, planting and transplanting, sotting in the field, 

 irrigation and cultivation, pruning and staking, and ripening tomatoes after 

 frost. 



Fungicides, insecticides, and spraying calendar ( Fla. Quart. Bui. Agr. Dept., 

 25 (1915), No. 2, pp. 119-194). — This comprises directions for the preparation 

 of fungicides and insecticides, including a spray calendar for both fruits and 

 vegetables. 



Bordeaux mixture, M. T. Cook (Neiv Jersey Stas. Circ. 4S, pp. 5-7). — This 

 circular discusses the preparation of Bordeaux mixture, its use for controlling 

 diseases of various fruits and vegetables, and spraying machinery. 



An Am erican fruit farm, its selection and management for profit and for 

 pleasure, F. N. Thorpe (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1915, pp. XII +348, 

 pis. 21). — A popular account of fruit farming based primarily on the record 

 of a fruit farm on the southern shore of Lake Erie. The subject matter is 

 treated under the following general headings : Time and the tree, selecting the 

 fruit farm, the planting of the fruit farm, getting along with help, the culti- 

 vation of the fruit farm, feeding the land, the fruit farm and the young folks, 

 ten thousand a year, birds and the fruit farm, and the fruit farm and old age. 



Systematic cooperation in Nova Scotia, A. E. Adams (Proc. Conf. Fruit 

 Growers Canada, 4 (1914), PP- 43-54). — In this article the author gives a brief 

 history of the development of fruit cooperative companies in the Annapolis 

 valley, with special attention to errors and necessary improvements. 



The blooming season of hardy fruits, U. P. Hedrick (New York State Sta. 

 Bui. 401 (1915), pp. 567-39i).— Continuing previous work (E. S. R., 20, p. 41) 

 the present bulletin, which has been prepared from data secured at the station 

 by various members of the horticultural department, assigns a blooming season 

 for all of the varieties of fruits commonly cultivated in New York. The obser- 

 vations for most of the orchard fruits covered a period of five years, and for 

 grapes and small fruits a period of three years, the blooming seasons given 

 being based upon the opening of the flowers. The varieties are classed as very 

 early, early, midseason, late, and very late. 



Ripening dates and length of season for hardy fruits, U. P. Hedrick (Nexo 

 York State Sta. Bui. 408 (1915), pp. 393-418) .—This bulletin contains the 

 ripening dates and length of season for the same varieties of fruits for which 

 the blooming time is given in the above-noted bulletin. 



Dwarf apples, U. P. Hedrick (New York State Sta. Bui. 406 (1915), pp. 341- 

 368, pis. 7). — This bulletin comprises a final report of a comparative test of 

 dwarf and standard apples which has been conducted at the station for a period. 

 of ten years. French Crab stocks were used for the standard trees and Doucin 

 and French Paradise stock for the dwarf trees. The sites for the tests were 

 selected, with reference to climate and soil, in three widely separated parts of 



9635'— No. 7—15 4 



