650 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



made Bordeaux mixture was fully effective, but the other two were impaired 

 by rain which fell a few hours after their application, adherence thus appearing 

 to be a deciding factor. 



The scale-desti'oying fungi on the interior branches of citrus trees ordinarily 

 remain uninjured in sufficient numbers to control scale insects after spraying, 

 except occasionally in dry weather. An insecticide should follow or precede 

 the Bordeaux mixture on trees which show many scale insects, indicating a 

 deficiency of scale-destroying fungi. It is considered that no ready-made fungi- 

 cide on the market is superior to freshly made Bordeaux mixture. 



Fungi parasitic on the tea plant In northeast India, III, IV, A. C. Tun- 

 stall {Indian Tea Assoc, Sci. Dept. Quart. Jour., 1914, Nos. 2, pp. 52-54; 

 S, pp. 96-9S). — Continuing previous reports (E. S. R., 32, p. 346) the author 

 states that Nectria cancri, associated with canker of tea bushes, probably 

 attacks its host originally through cavities resulting from improper pruning 

 or injuries by hail, cattle, etc. Spores grown in the laboratory have not given 

 successful inoculations up to the present time. As the fungus travels readily 

 downward it is necessary to cut away all dead twigs and some depth of living 

 wood for a distance below the dead portion, applying Bordeaux mixture freely. 



Copper blight {Lccstadia thew) is contrasted syraptomatically with gray blight 

 {Pestalozzia palmarum) and with brown blight {Colletotric'Jmm ca)nellice). 

 Copper blight is more noticeable during drought succeeding heavy rains, and so 

 Is often attributed to hot sunshine, which may hasten development of the 

 fungus and browning of the leaves. Removal of all affected leaves and appli- 

 cation of Bordeaux mixture should immediately follow the appearance of this 

 disease, and a second spraying should follow two weeks later. For cases of 

 general infection a treatment to be used during cold weather is outlined which 

 is claimed to remove copper blight, also minor blights, and to stimulate pro- 

 duction by the tea bushes. 



Ascochyta clematidina, the cause of stem rot and leaf spot of clematis, 

 W. O. Gloyeb (U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 4 (1915), No. 4, PP- 

 SSl-342, pis. 5). — A stem rot of clematis due to A. clematidina is described from 

 the New York State Experiment Station, the disease attacking various species 

 and hybrids and occurring in the field as a stem rot, while in tlie greenhouse 

 where cuttings are propagated it is present both as a leaf spot and as a stem 

 rot. On Clematis paniculata the disease takes both forms. The plants are 

 killed by the growth of the fungus down the petioles into the stems, thus 

 girdling the plant at the node. Overwintering out of doors does not kill the 

 fungus in cultures or on dead vines. 



The disease has been successfully produced by inoculating plants with 

 mycelium from pure cultures. Matting of the vines produces a condition which 

 is favorable for the spread of the disease, and ventilation should be secured by 

 supporting the vines or planting them far apart. On hybrid plants the disease 

 can be controlled in the forcing frames or in the greenhouse by the use of 

 sprays, but in the field spraying proved of little benefit. On C. paniculata 

 spraying checked the disease, and the removal of diseased leaves and vines 

 before spraying was also found of practical value in controlling the trouble. 

 A mixture of 1 lb. of laundry soap and 6 lbs. of sulphur to 15 gal. of water 

 sprayed on cuttings in the greenhouse or in beds controlled the disease. 



A list of cited literature is appended. 



Dying out of oaks in Westphalia, Baumgarten (Ztschr. Worst u. Jagdw., 

 46 {1914), No. S, pp. 174-177)- — This is a brief discussion of recent losses from 

 death of forest oaks as related to leaf rollers, mildew, and lioney fungus, and 

 of some views regafding the fundamental causes related thereto. 



