METEOROLOGY. 807 



4. ser., 39 {1915), No. 234, P- 683).— This book embodies the results of previous 

 observations by the author on dew ponds (E. S. R., 25, p. 719; 30, p. 118), as 

 well as of more recent investigations made under the auspices of the Royal 

 Society of England. 



The author states that when he commenced his investigations he had a strong 

 leaning in favor of the theory of the replacement of these ponds by dew, 

 but was soon led to abandon this idea, and now believes that, although there is 

 evidence to show that considerable condensation takes place and high-level 

 ponds derive considerable water from condensation of atmospheric moisture 

 other than rain, dew has little or nothing to do with it. He defines a dew 

 pond as " one situated on the higher grounds, generally on the chalkdowns of 

 the south of England, which retains by some means or other a supply of water 

 throughout all but the most prolonged droughts, while those ponds situated on 

 the lower lands have consistently dried up." He explains at length the con- 

 struction of such ponds and discusses the popular notions in regard to their 

 replenishment. He suggests that the terms mist pond, fog pond, or cloud pond 

 might be more appropriately applied than the term dew pond, since the evidence 

 collected indicates that the condensation of mist furnishes the clue to the peren- 

 nial nature of these ponds. 



The weather element in American climates, R. De C. Ward (Ann. Assoc. 

 Amer. Geogr., 4 (1914), PP- 3-54, fiffs. 42). — This is a monographic discussion of 

 this subject under the headings of the weather element in the study of climate, 

 paths of cyclones and anticyclones in the United States, and regional and sea- 

 sonal weather types of the United States. 



The most important paths of cyclones and anticyclones in the United 

 States and their accompanying weather, J. V. Hann (Met. Ztschr., 32 (1915), 

 yo. 5, pp. 216-222, figs. 4)- — This article is based upon that of Ward noted above. 



Climate and meteorology, D. C. Bates (Neio Zeal. Off. Yearbook 1914, pp. 

 69-90, figs. 6). — This report reviews in some detail the main characteristics of 

 the climate and meteorology of New Zealand, giving summaries of the available 

 data regarding sunshine, temperature, rainfall, and other meteorological factors. 



The climate of west Africa, H. Hubert (Compt. Rend. Acad. ScL [Paris], 

 161 (1915), No. 6, pp. 142-144)- — The main characteristics of temperature, rain- 

 fall, and winds are briefly summarized. 



The climate of Abyssinia, Addis Abeba, J. V. Hann (Met. Ztschr., 31 

 (1914), No. 12, pp. 561-566). — The main characteristics of pressure, temperature, 

 and rainfall are briefly discussed on the basis of the available records. 



Meteorological records, L. Smith (Rpt. Agr. Expt. Sta. St. Croix, 1913-14, 

 pp. 38-49, pis. 6). — Tables show the distribution of rainfall at the experiment 

 station of St. Croix during the year ended June 30, 1914, and in different parts 

 of the island in 1913. Temperature, pressure, and humidity records at the 

 experiment station are also given. 



Amount and composition of the rainfall at Annas Hope, St. Croix, L. 

 Smith (Rpt. Agr. Expt. Sta. St. Croix, 1913-14, p. 37).— The monthly rainfall 

 and its content of chlorin, total nitrogen, nitrogen as ammonia, and nitrogen 

 as nitrates from July 1, 1913, to June 30, 1914, are reported. 



The rainfall regime of Australia, B. C. Wallis (Scot. Geogr. Mag., 30 (1914), 

 No. 10, pp. 527-532, figs. 2). — The main conclusions of this article are sum- 

 marized as follows : 



"(1) Australian rainfall swings with the sun. (2) The heavy rainfall of the 

 north coast at midsummer is similar in intensity to that of Africa near the 

 tropics of Cancer and Capricorn whenever the sun is vertically overhead. The 

 quantity of the annual rainfall of this section of Australia differs from that of 

 Africa because of the presence of the sea to the north. (3) Australian rain- 



