ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 855 



eral food, the destruction of chlorophyll and the disorganization of the chloro- 

 plasts in the cortical parenchyma being probably the consequences of as- 

 similatory disturbances and reduced protoplasmic vitality, connected with lilgh 

 acidity, absence or reduction of calcium oxalate, and increase of gallic acid, 

 these conditions permitting attack by weak parasites some time before any 

 diseased condition is apparent. 



Forest botany, R, N. Pabkek (Ann. Rpt. Bd. ScL Advice India, 191S-U, 

 pp. 55-58).— Besides brief notes regarding the progress of work on floras in 

 preparation and lists of recent papers on forest botany, the results are given, 

 so far as obtained, from a study of the wood of Pinus excelsa attacked by 

 Trametcs pini. 



Mycelium was present in heartwood and in sapwood next to the cambium, 

 while this was to all appearances sound. Trees apparently sound showed, on 

 microscopical examination, the presence of hyphse in the tracheids and the 

 medullary raj'S. Roots, both small and large, also contained mycelium in 

 wood otherwise free from rot. In case of natural root grafts, fungal hyphse 

 were found in the grafted roots on both sides of the union, this fact showing 

 the possibility of infection in this manner. The fungus appeared to cause little 

 or no rot except in the heartwood of the stem and larger roots. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



Economic entomology in the United. States of America, I. V. EMELflNov 

 (Selskokhosi'Caistvennaia Entomologiia v Soedinennykh Shtatakh SQvemoi 

 Ameriki. Petrograd: Govt., 1914, pp. 275, pis. 8, figs. 128; rev. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 

 3 {1915), Ser. A, No. 1, p. 42). — ^A report upon economic entomology in this 

 country, based upon the author's visits during 1910-11 and 1912. 



Some present needs in economic entomology, H. T. Feknaxd {Jour. Econ. 

 Ent., S {1915), No. 1, pp. 30^40). — In this paper the author points out some 

 important phases of economic entomology that need investigation. 



A new air-conditioning apparatus, G. A. Dean and R. K. Nabouks {Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 8 {1915), No. 1, pp. 101-113, pis. 3, fig. i).— The authors here de- 

 scribe the general arrangement, principle of operation, and moisture and tem- 

 perature records maintained in the breeding chamber by an air-conditioning 

 machine which has been manufactured for and installed at the Kansas Experi- 

 ment Station. 



Cages and methods of studying underground insects, J. J. Davis {Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 8 {1915), No. 1, pp. 135-139, pis. 3). — The author here describes and 

 illustrates the methods made use of in investigations carried on by agents of 

 the Bureau of Entomology of this Department. 



The conditions of the resistance of internal parasitic insects in the 

 organism of their hosts, W. R. Thompson {Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 77 

 {1915), No. 33, pp. 562-564; o&s. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 3 {1915), Ser. A, No. 5, pp. 

 251, 252). — It is pointed out that the resistance offered by internal parasitic 

 larvEe, both dipterous and hymenopterous, to the toxic and digestive diastases 

 which the author here discusses is an aspect of the adaptation of parasite to 

 host which entomologists appear to have hitherto neglected. 



The toxicity of insecticides, C. W. AVoodwoeth {Science, n. ser., 41 {1915), 

 No. 1053, pp. 361-369). — The author describes the methods employed in deter- 

 mining the effect of hydrocyanic acid gas on scale insect eggs in closed glass 

 containers. The results of one series of tests with the European fruit scale on 

 Christmas berry are presented in tabular form. 



Some recent insect importations into New Jersey, H. B. Weiss {Jour. Econ. 

 Ent., 8 {1915), No. 1, pp. 133-135) .—The author describes briefly the discovery 



