858 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



where the species lives throughout the summer, producing apterous and alate 

 forms. 



The emergence from the soil of the first young of the grape phylloxera in 

 Italy, B. Grassi {Atti. R. Accad. Lincei, Rend. CI. Sci. Fis., Mat. e Nat., 5. 

 ser., 23 (1914), II, No. 2, pp. 19-30; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Romel, Mo. 

 Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 5 (1914), No. 10, p. 1377). — The emergence 

 of the young from the soil is more or less abundant throughout the year, except 

 during hibernation and the period preceding the birth of the first daughter 

 generation of the hibernating females. In southern Italy they do not appear 

 so frequently from the second half of July to the end of August, the period 

 corresponding with the partial estivation of the insect. 



The use of the fungus Isaria for the control of the black scale, H. J. 

 QuAYLE and A. R. Tylor (Mo. Bui. Com. Hort. Cal., 4 {1915), No. 7, pp. 333- 

 338, figs. 2). — The experiments here outlined and the general observations 

 made in the groves treated have been summarized by the authors as follows : 



" The Isaria fungus growing under suitable conditions in a moist chamber, 

 either in the laboratory or the field, Was found to kill a fair percentage of the 

 black scale. The results in attempting to disseminate the fungus artificially 

 under natural conditions in the field, at least at the season indicated, have been 

 wholly negative. From observations made in the various groves where the 

 fungus has been disseminated commercially, there is absolutely no evidence, 

 thus far, to show that the fungus has been of any importance whatever in check- 

 ing the scales. Where natural conditions are favorable for the development of 

 the fungus, as in the district contiguous to the coast in Santa Barbara County, 

 the Isaria will kill more or less of the black scale, but the field where it would 

 thrive can not be greatly enlarged, if at all, by attempts at artificial dissemina- 

 tion. From our recent experiments and observations as well as general observa- 

 tions made on this fungiis since 1908, the writers feel justified in extending 

 to citrus growers no hope that this fungus will keep their trees free from the 

 black scale." 



Scurfy scale on Norway maple (Leucaspis japonica), E. P. Felt (Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 8 (1915), No. 1, p. 160). — The author records a severe infestation of 

 the twigs and leaves of Norway maple and privet at Stamford, Conn., by 

 L. japonica. 



The crisis in Italian sericulture and the measures for averting it, O. 

 BoRDiGA (Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome'], Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 

 ,5 (19U), No. 10, pp. 1263-1270). — ^A discussion of the conditions that have 

 brought about a crisis in sericulture in Italy. 



State moth work, plan and progress of work, 1913-14, W. C. O'Kane 

 (N. H. Dept. Agr., State Moth Work Circ. 6 [1915], pp. 22, pis. 7).— A report 

 of the status of the work carried on in New Hampshire. 



On the biology of Bupalus piniarius and some of its parasites, V. 

 •pLOTNiKov (Reprint -from Rev. Russe Ent., 14 (1914), ^^0. 1, pp. 21, figs. 8; abs. 

 in Rev. Appl. Ent, 3 (1915), Ser. A, No. 1, pp. 48, 49). — The author reports that 

 among 372 caterpillars examined, 14 per cent were infested with Campoplex, 

 12 per cent with Lydella nigripes, 4 per cent with both of the above-mentioned 

 parasites, and 2 per cent with Platylabus cothurnatus. 



A mechanical protector for preventing injury by the peach borer, E. B. 

 Blaiceslee (Jour. Econ. Ent., 8 (1915), No. 1, pp. 103-107). — This abstract of a 

 paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of Economic 

 Entomologists describes a cone-shaped tarred paper protector which, when 

 placed at the crown of the tree, forms an impenetrable barrier, and not only 

 prevents the deposition of eggs at that point but prevents the larvse from work- 

 ing downward on the trunk and attacking the crown. When an impenetrable 



