846 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



recommended being early destruction of all infected prunings. An unusual 

 case of root rot may have been connected with a fungus rot of a neighboring 

 fence. 



Diseases of alfalfa included rust {Uromyces striatiis), leaf spot {Pseud- 

 opeziza medicaginis) , and European I'oot disease (Rhizoctonia medicaginis) , 

 but none of these appears to amount to an epidemic. 



The most common citrus disease was that due to Armillaria mellea, which is 

 frequently traceable to residues of stumps or of other timber. A preliminary 

 Investigation of a rind disease of obscure origin has been commenced. 



Studies with poisonous plants, seed investigations, etc., are also reported in 

 this connection. 



Mycology, F. J. F. Shaw (Ann. Rpt. Bd. Sci. Advice India, 1913-14, pp. 

 99-105) . — This is largely a summary of material in articles most of which have 

 already been noted from other sources. A note is also given on systematic 

 mycology, with a list of articles published during 1913-14. Among the diseases 

 dealt with are some affecting rice, sugar cane, palms, cotton, and sesame. 



The more important plant enemies and their control, H. K. Andeksen 

 (De vigtigste Plant esygdonime og deres Bekwinpclse. Hasley, Denmark: R. 

 Torkildsens Bogtr. 1913, pp. 82, figs. 49)- — Some common diseases and disorders 

 of cultivated plants are discussed, with control measures appropriate thereto, 

 after which some animal enemies of economic plants are discussed on the same 

 general plan. 



The control of plant diseases in Sweden, J. Eriksson (Internat. Inst. Agr. 

 [Rome^, Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 5 {1914), No. 12, pp. 1546- 

 1553). — This is a brief review of researches, publications, and other steps taken 

 looking to the control of plant diseases in Sweden since the beginning of work 

 in 1876, also an account of the appearance, progress, and effects of some im- 

 portant diseases in that country. Among these are American gooseberry mildew 

 {Sphcerotlieca mors-uvw), which appeared in 1905 and is now present in most 

 of the Swedish gardens; potato canker {Synchytrium endobioticum or Chrys- 

 ophlyctis endoMotica) , observed in 1912 and soon brought under control; 

 about a dozen rusts named of cultivated cereals or of allied grasses, also other 

 kinds of rusts, as those on white pine and on hollyhock, and other plant dis- 

 eases, as Moniiia fructigena and M. cinera on fruit trees, and Podosplicera 

 leucotricha, causing apple mildew. Mention is also made of articles reporting 

 investigations on various diseases. Recent efforts for the establishment of in- 

 ternational collaboration for the control of plant diseases are also noted, but it 

 is thought that the most important diseases causing about 90 per cent of the 

 annual losses can not be advantageously controlled by legislative measures. 



Some work of official botanical institutions is also briefly noted. 



Mercury chlorophenol as a fungicide, T. Remy and J. Vasteks {Illus. 

 Landio. Ztg., 34 {1914), Nos. 91, pp. 769-771; 92, pp. 776-778, fig. 1).—A report 

 is given of tests employing low percentages of mercury chlorophenol, a com- 

 mercial preparation, against certain plant diseases. 



In case of stinking smut of wheat it appears to be safe and at least as effec- 

 tive as others in use. Results with wheat and barley treated for loose smut 

 were less conclusive, but no injury resulted from its use, and the same facts 

 are noted in regard to oats treated for low germinability. Leaf spot of peas, 

 while not entirely prevented, was lessened by this treatment. Gloeosporium 

 lindemutJiianum on garden beans was decreased without injury to the crop. 

 Beet rot was decreased by treatment of the seed balls. Seed treatment of 

 barley reduced leaf stripe. The remedy appears especially beneficial in treat- 

 ing a combination of stinking smut, Fusarium, and leaf stripe of grains. 



