122 



EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



The results of analyses of surface soils (to a depth of 7 in.) and subsoils (in 

 most cases the layer between 20 and 30 or 40 in.) are given in the following table : 



Average results of analy-ics of soil types of Shaicncc County, Kansas. 



The loess soils of southwestern Ohio, W. M. Cook, C. W. Montgomeet, et al. 

 {OMo Sta. Circ. U/G (1914), pp. 20, figs. 15.) — This circular, prepared in coopera- 

 tion with the Office of Farm Management of this Department, briefly describes 

 the loess soils occurring in Hamilton, Clermont, Brown, Adams, Highland, Clin- 

 ton, and Warren counties in southwestern Ohio, and reports the results of 

 observations on the methods employed by farmers for the improvement of their 

 soils, especially the practice of drainage and the use of fertilizers and the 

 results obtained therefrom. 



The loess soils of this section occur as two distinct types, viz, the well-drained 

 Cincinnati silt loam, yellowish brown in color, and the poorly-drained Clermont 

 silt loam, which Is light gray to white in color. 



The observations indicate in general the effectiveness of proper drainage sup- 

 plemented by systematic crop rotation and the intelligent use of manures and 

 fertilizers in increasing the productiveness and agricultural value of these soils. 



The ground water in Hamburg, A. Yoller {Jahrh. Hamburg. Wiss. Amt., 

 30 {1912), Beiheft 1, pp. 7, pis. 3). — The results of daily measurements during 

 1912 of the ground water level in 10 experimental wells about 12 meters (39.3G 

 ft.) deep, distributed according to soil conditions in the Elbe and Bille marsh 

 districts, the Alster river district, and the high and dry district to the right 

 of the Alster river, all in the neighborhood of Hamburg, are reported graphically 

 in correlation with meteorological and flood data for the localities. 



In the high and dry district the water table rose in the winter and early 

 spring, and fell in the summer and fall, and was apparently unaffected by the 

 variable local precipitations. In spite of the rainfall the soil water in this 

 district is low in summer, which is said to cause excessive evaporation and 

 consequent lowering of the water table. In the winter the air is too cold to 

 cause excessive evaporation, thus allowing the water table to rise. The water 

 table in the Alster district rose and fell with the Alster River level. In part 

 of the Elbe and Bille marsh districts large and uniform variations in the water 

 level at frequent intervals were observed which corresponded to the Elbe 

 variations due to wind and tide. At higher pomts in these districts, however. 



