HORTICULTURE. 233 



extensive variety test of deciduous fruits and nuts lias been established. The 

 pomegranate has been found to be well adapted to the local soil and climate. 

 The best of the named varieties thus far tested are " Sweet Fruited " and 

 " Wonderful." 



Notes are given on the varieties of vegetables which have produced the best 

 results, together with suggestions as to cultural methods. During the spring 

 of 1913 a number of ornamental plants were set out for testing. Of those 

 already growing at the farm tlie ornamental date palm {Phoenix canariensis) 

 and the weeping fan palm (Wushingtonia fllifera) have proved very desirable, 

 both as specimen trees and for street plantings. 



[Report of the] citrus experiment station, H. J. Webber {Calif oi'nia Sta. 

 Rpt. 191 Jf, pp. 60-67, 72). — A progress report on the various horticultural 

 projects being conducted at the citrus substation. 



Some data are given on fertilizer experiments with oranges and lemons. 

 The results thus far indicate the importance of nitrogen fertilization and the 

 desirability of using nitrogen from organic sources rather than from such 

 chemicals as nitrate of soda. Among the green manure crops which are being 

 tested with special reference to their use in citrus orchards in southern Cali- 

 fornia, purple vetch and melilotus clover are especially promising. For the 

 one season tested purple vetch gave a yield of 18.25 tons of green tops. It is 

 so vigorous in growth that it entirely chokes out all weeds and is resistant to 

 aphis attack. During a 4-year period melilotus clover has given an average yield 

 of 12.75 tons. It is found gro'^ing wild all over the southern part of California, 

 is apparently adapted to a great variety of soil types, is veiy deep-rooted, 

 resistant to aphis attack, and also withstands quite low temperatures. Some 

 data are given showing the increases in yields of corn, potatoes, and sugar 

 beets following the use of various cover crops. The gi'eater yields following 

 the use of leguminous cover crops as compared with nonleguminous cover crops 

 clearly indicate the importance of legumes in adding nitrogen to the soil. 



A comparative test is being made of the Washington navel and "Valencia 

 oranges and the Eureka lemon grown upon sweet, sour, and trifoliate orange 

 stock and upon pomelo. As determined by the results thus far secured it ap- 

 pears that varying soil conditions may modify the influence of various stocks 

 on oranges and lemons. A marked dwarfing of lemon trees grown on trifoliate 

 stock was noted in every instance. There was also an increased diameter on 

 the trifoliate stock below the bud union in practically all cases. In point of 

 fruit production the navel orange appears to yield best on sour stock, followed 

 by sweet, with Trifoliata stock third. In case of the Eureka lemon, pomelo 

 was the best stock with sour, sweet, and Trifoliata following in the order 

 named. 



A brief progress report is given of other studies being conducted. 



[Report on horticultural investigations at the Scottsblufif experiment 

 farm, 1913], F. Knork ( E7. /S. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Plant Indus., Work Scottsbluff 

 Expt. Farm, 1913, pp. 18, 19, fig. 1). — A brief statement of progress made in the 

 work of testing fruits, vegetables, shade trees, and ornamental shrubs during 

 the year 1913. 



The severe winter of 1912-13 was vei-y hard on fruit trees, a number of 

 varieties being frozen almost to the ground. Of the apples the Anisim, Uni- 

 versity, Patten, Northwestern, Hibernal, Florence Crab, Whitney Crab, and 

 Hyslop Crab withstood the winter well. Wealthy, Oldenburg, Yellow Trans- 

 parent, and White Pearmaiu froze almost to the gi'ound, but the trees made a 

 vigorous growth in the spring. Of the pears only one tree, of the Seckel, came 

 through fhe winter successfully. Unprotected raspberries, including the Sun- 



