NOTES. 293 



ollice at tlie college, where Lliey are irautsferred to the ledger aiui a coiiiitlete 

 statemeut for the year obtained aud returned to the farmer. 



Farm organization investigations and their relation to the farm survey 

 were taken up by C. L. Goodrich. He enumerated as essential to success in 

 farming the general organization of the farm, the selection of suitable fea- 

 tures in the way of live stocli aud crops, aud the making of the management of 

 man, horse iwwer, labor, aud capital more effective. Survey work is intended 

 to study organization and practices, and to learn which are successful and 

 unsuccessful and the reason why. The area selected should be typical as to 

 soil and farm practices, and at least 100 farms should be studied for a series of 

 years. 



J. H. Arnold discussed Some Principles of Farm Organization, taking as 

 the basis of his paper the crew efficiency. He stated that farm practices are 

 usually a result of the experience in that section, aud before any of these should 

 be changed there should be a thorough study of the community. The area 

 devoted to a particular crop is limited by that operation which determines the 

 minimum acreage that can be cared for during a certain period o^ the season. 



A. D. McNair called attention to the fact that the area cultivated varies 

 with the amount of work, size of animals, labor, sui:»plies, etc. He considered 

 that the fai'mers know practically how much a certain crew can cultivate 

 in their region, and it is chiefly in connection with new crops that they need 

 assistance. He also pointed out that if oue part of the farm operation is varied 

 that it may have marked influence upon all the other farm operations and upon 

 the economic movement on the crops in that locality. 



Under the title of Efficiency Factors and Caution in Their Use, G. F. Warren 

 enumerated as the principal factors in efficiency the size of the business, 

 diversity of crops, crop yields, and production per acre. Unless the farm is 

 efficient In all of these factors the chances are that the farm income will not 

 he as high as possible, but the size of business is probably the most important. 



K. C. Livermore discussed the Method and Application of Farm Efficiency 

 Analysis. He stated that the analysis should vary with the pui'pose for which 

 it was being used, and that by picking out the succes.sful farmer and selecting 

 tlie factor that made that farmer efficient, a standard would be obtained that 

 would give a better judgment as to what successful farming should be than to 

 take the average for the community. To suggest improvements in the manage- 

 ment of a farm requires a knowledge of the local conditions, the system of farm 

 management in the community, the farmer's temperament, and the ability of his 

 family to aid him in his farm work. 



W. A. Etherton discussed the relation of the income of farms to the invest- 

 ment in buildings. He maintained that the value of buildings varied with the 

 farm capital, with the income, and with the size of the farm, and that there 

 seeme<l to be more or less correlation in this relationship. 



Plans for fai-m management demonstration were outlined by L. H. Goddard. 

 Caution was deemed essential in beginning such work and radical changes 

 should be poslix»ned until the confidence of the counnunity is gained. He 

 pointed out that in most localities, demonstration work is still in a pioneer 

 stage aud emphasized the constant need of tact on the part of demonstrators. 



M. C. Burritt described the system of farm surveys being made in New 

 York as a basis for the offering of suggestions. He too pointed out the need 

 of conservatism in giving advice, especially to the individual. G. P. Scoville 

 outlined the practical workings of the New York system in greater detail, 

 including the correspondence metliods in use, and H. W. Hawthorn discussed 

 some experiences along this line in Ohio. The application of farm management 

 surveys in Massachusetts was discussetl by H. J. Baker, who narrated some 



