ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 247 



on fungi such, as Capnodium, but when favorable opportunity occurs, living 

 leaves and flowers are attacked. While the author states that only dead animal 

 matter appears to be consumed, a footnote in the abstract calls attention to the 

 fact that earwigs consume living insects, such as Depressaria pupaj, as well. 



Forficula auricularia in Rhode Island, R. W. Glaser {Psyche, 21 {IQlJf), 

 No. 5, pp. 151, 158). — The author reix)rts that in July, 1914, this European 

 earwig was the source of considerable annoyance on an estate at Newport, II. I., 

 through entering the house and crawling over the inhabitants at night. The 

 species was first observed in 1912. In 1913 they had increased to such an ex- 

 tent that suppression by spraying was begun, and by July, 1914, they seemed 

 to have passed beyond control and had spread to adjoining estates. The species 

 is supposed to have been introducetl through the agency of imported plants. 



The green soldier bug (Nezara hilaris), R. D. Whitmarsh {Jour. Ecun. 

 Ent., 7 (1914), No. 4, PP- 336-830). — Severe loss was sustained by peach grow- 

 ers along the Marblehead peninsula region of Lake Erie during 1911 as a 

 result of injuries caused by N. hilaris, which commences its feeding on the small 

 fruit during the last part of June and early July and continues working upon 

 the fruit until late fall. Where the fruit is badly pimctured it becomes un- 

 salable, while the extra fine fruit showing but one or two punctures has to be 

 graded lower, thus decreasing its value. 



Practically no damage was done during 1912. In 1913 it occurred in small 

 numbei's on peaches in the previously infested district along Lake Erie, but the 

 damage done was slight as compared with that of 1911. 



Mr. Crawford's recent work on the Delphacinge, E. P. Van Duzee {Psyche, 

 21 {1914), ^0. 5, pp. 163-166). — A discussion of the work previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 31, p. 550). 



Papers on Aphididae. — The yellow clover-aphis (Callipterus trifolii), J. J. 

 Davis {U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 25, pt. 2, tech. ser. {1014), pp. 17-40, 

 pi. 1, figs. 6). — The yellow clover-aphis (C. trifolii seu ononidis [Chaitophorus 

 maoiilatus]), originally described by Monell from Washington, D. C, is com- 

 mon and oftentimes abundant throughout the eastern half of the United States, 

 except possibly in the extreme southern portions, although it has never been 

 considered a pest in this country, and consequently little of its life history and 

 habits has been studied. 



In Asia the species was first reported from Jodhpur, India, by Buckton in 

 1889, and the author has received specimens presumably collected at Lahore, 

 India. In America red clover {Tri folium pratensc) is the universal food plant 

 of this species, it usually being found on the underside of the leaves, living more 

 or less solitary. It has also been reared from white clover {T. repens). Tests 

 made of various plants show that this species can also breed without diflaculty 

 on alsike, English, and mammoth clovers. In India the species lives on alfalfa, 

 and Buckton has received reports that it is destructive to this plant, but it has 

 not been found to attack alfalfa in this country. Why this species lives on 

 Trifolium but not on alfalfa in America while in India it is found on alfalfa 

 but ai:>parently not on Trifolium remains to be explained. 



Descriptions are presented of the wingless stem mother, winged viviparous 

 female, wingless viviparous female, winged male, and wingless oviparous female. 

 *• With C. trifolii, as with most other plant lice, a number of generations of 

 winged and wingless viviparous females are produced during the summer, and 

 the true sexes, consisting of winged males and wingless oviparous females, 

 appear in the fall ; these females in turn laying eggs on the stems and leaves 

 of clover to carry the species over the winter months. This species does not 

 have an alternate host, nor does it ever pass the winter, in the latitude of 

 La Fayette, Ind., as viviparous females." The author is of the opinion that in 



