VETERINARY MEDICINE. 371 



"All the starters tested have generally produced butter of a satisfactory 

 quality. The butter from homemade starters was equal to that from commer- 

 cial ones. The keeping quality of the butter was about the same for both. The 

 starters which gave the best results at the butter scoring are the same which 

 have maintained their quality the longest. 



"The best butter has universally been obtained when the acidity (of the 

 starter) has been 39 to 40° Soxhlet-Henkel (0.8775 to 0.9 per cent). An 

 acidity of up to 44° (0.99 per cent) can hardly be said to have hurt the butter, 

 but the quality drops universally with lower acidity. The titration numbers 

 show considerable variations from day to day. In order to ascertain the acidity 

 the titration must be repeated often. The starter used showed generally 1.2° 

 (0.25 per cent) higher than the mother starter. 



" The quality of the butter is improved universally with the tasting score of 

 the starter, and with the acidity up to about 40° (0.9 per cent), but the quality 

 agrees better with the acidity than with the taste of the starter. A palatable 

 sharp starter has as a rule a high titration number, and a poorly tasting one 

 as a rule a lower acidity than normal. The starters with which have been 

 used a long ripening time have uniformly given better results than those with 

 short rii)ening time. The drop in the temperature in the starter while ripening 

 is all the greater the higher the temperature when starting, and the smaller 

 the quantity of milk used. Hence the effect of using a high commencing tem- 

 perature is partly lost, but depends furthermore on the quantity of milk used 

 and the quality of the insulation. The starters used have had no effect on the 

 moisture in the butter." 



VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



A text-book of bacteriology, P. H. Hiss and H. Zinsser (New York and 

 London, 1914, 2. cd., pp. XVI+IGG, figs. i56).— This is the second edition of this 

 practical treatise on bacteriology, which is intended for students and practi- 

 tioners of medicine. 



A text-book of general bacteriolog'y, E. O. Jordan {Philadelphia and 

 London, 1914, 4- cd. rev., pp. 647, pls. 2, figs. 178). — ^This edition of this work 

 (B. S. R., 24, p. 717) has been thoroughly revised and some new material 

 added, including a new chapter on the filterable viruses. 



Blood pressure. — Its clinical applications, G. W. Norris {Philadelphia and 

 Neio York, 1914, pp. TIII-\-372, pi. 1, figs. 98).— In the first chapter of this 

 work J. H. Austin deals with the physiology of blood pressure. A description 

 of the various instruments used and the relative advantages of the different 

 methods of determining blood pressure follows. A^enous and capillary pressure 

 are discussed briefly and methods of determining functional efiiciency of the 

 circulation are described at some length. The remaining part, or about one-half 

 of the book, relates to the clinical applications of blood pressure. 



Special pathology and therapy of the domestic animals, F. Hutyra and 

 J. Maker (SpezieUe Pathologie und Therapie der Hausticre. Jena, 1913, 4- 

 ed., rev. and enl., vols. 1, pp. XVI+II44, lils. 12, figs. 231; 2, pp. XIV-\-10S8, 

 pis. 7, figs. 207). — This edition contains in addition to the material previously 

 noted (E. S. R., 26, p. 82), chapters on paratyphoid of pigs, Ascoli's precipitin 

 reaction for anthrax and erysipelas, sporotrichosis, and the salvarsan treat- 

 ment for the pectoral form of equine influenza. The chapter on protozoan dis- 

 eases has been revised. Under organic diseases new chapters on catarrh of 

 sphenoidal sinus, Heine-Medin's disease, guinea pig paralysis, lingual paralysis, 

 tetany, necrobacillosis, ostitis, and osteomyelitis, have been added and others 

 rewritten. Data pertaining to Borna disease have been separated from the 



80967°— No. 4—15 6 



