378 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



by a process of cytoplasmic constriction does not merit more serious considera- 

 tion." 



The structural unit and growth of the pancreas of the pig, G. W. Cobneb 

 (Amer. Jour. Anat., 16 {19U), No. 2, pp. 201-236, figs. i9).— "The structural 

 unit is defined as the smallest portion of an organ which is repeated in a similar 

 way throughout, and which contains all the elemental structures of the organ. 

 The pancreas of the adult pig is formed by the repetition, 20,000 to 30,000 times, 

 of a structural unit about 1 mm. in diameter. The unit is more clearly outlined 

 in the fetus than in the adult. Its size is limited to the area of supply of one 

 arteriole. Pressure of fluid injected into the main duct of the pancreas is 

 equally distributed to all the units. By presumption, the reverse is true, that 

 is, all the units deliver their secretion against an equal pressure. 



" The pancreatic ducts of the fetus have been injected. Statements of La- 

 guesse and others that the early ijancreatic ducts are plexiform are confirmed. 

 The main duct of the i)ig's pancreas and its branches arise by dilatation of 

 capillary ducts in the primitive plexus, in a manner similar to the origin of 

 arteries and veins from capillaries. This observation affords a clear explana- 

 tion of certain variations in the pancreatic ducts, uot understood before." 



Swine diseases, A. T. Kinsley {Chicago, 1914, pp. 238, pJs. Jf, figs. 28). — This 

 booli gives a brief but well illustrated account of the diseases affecting swine, 

 arranged as follows : Diseases of the digestive system, the respiratory system, 

 the urogenital system, organs of locomotion, the skin, circulatory organs, and 

 the nervous system, and infectious diseases. 



Some phenomena involved in. the life history of Spirochseta suis. — Studies 

 on hog cholera, W. E. King and R. H. Drake {Jour. Infect. Diseases, 14 

 (1914), No. 2, pp. 246-250, fig. 1). — The results of the experiments suggest that 

 at some time in its life cycle 8. suis is capable of passing through bacteria-proof 

 filters. See also previous notes (E. S. R., 28, p. 381; 29, p. 681; 30, p. 383). 



Hog cholera and serum treatment, G. R. White {Dept. Agr. Tenn., Farmers^ 

 Bui., 1914, pp. 56, figs. 33). — A general description of hog cholera and the prep- 

 aration of antihog-cholera serum. Specific directions are given for vaccinat- 

 ing hogs against the disease. The bulletin is especially well illustrated. 



Investigations on Voldagsen plague (shoat typhoid), W. Pfeiler and A. 

 KoHLSTOCK {Arch. Wiss. n. Prakt. Tierheilk., 40 {1913), No. 1-2, pp. 114-183, 

 figs. 9). — Shoats were infected with a culture obtained from a herd amongst 

 which a hog disease, supposed to be hog cholera, prevailed. The animals in 

 the herd failed to respond to treatment with the antihog-cholera sera of Neu- 

 Gans, Hutyra, and the German Imperial Health Department, and the bio- 

 logical behavior of the organism under various cultural conditions was studied. 



It was agglutinated by a Voldagsen serum in dilutions of from 1 : 16,000 to 

 1 : 40,000. Two strains, L. 13 and L. 16, were used in the infection tests, the 

 purpose of which were to establish whether an infection per os is possible, 

 to make subcutaneous and intraperitoneal tests, and to determine whether a 

 disease similar to the one present among the pigs noted could be produced. 

 In addition, immunizing tests with the filterable virus against a Voldagsen in- 

 fection were made. Active and passive immunization tests with vaccine and 

 serum were also made in the laboratory and field. 



By feeding very small doses of a culture of Voldagsen bacteria a severe, 

 fibrinous, intestinal inflammation was produced in shoats. It had the an- 

 atomical characteristics usually observed in acute hog cholera. It was pos- 

 sible to kill shoats only by giving large doses of hog-cholera bacilli followed 

 by a dose of either Bacillus paratyphoid B, or B. enteritidis, Gartner. The 

 disease could also be conveyed by contact, and animals so infected usually 



