VETERINARY MEDICINE. 379 



died. Sterile filtrates of organs from diseased animals when injected in 

 other animals did not convey the disease. In all shoats where the disease 

 was present B. voldagscn could be isolated. 



From a sow showing the residue of the disease the organism could not be 

 regained. Fresh or putrid organs when filtered conveyed neither shoat typhoid 

 nor hog cholera. To further prove that B. vol dag sen is not a secondary invader, 

 and going on the assumption that an animal having recovered from an attack 

 of hog cholera ought to be immune against the disease, shoats were exposed 

 to auimals affected by the filterable virus. The animals became diseased with 

 hog cholera. 



The immunizing tests showed that animals could be protected against massive 

 doses of B. voldagsen per os by a vaccine (E. S. R., 31, pp. 87, 679) but not by 

 a Voldagsen serum. A filterable virus antiserum would not protect against a 

 Voldagsen infection. The reverse was also true. See also previous notes (E. S. 

 R., 29, p. 482; 31, p. 86). 



Swine pox in young pigs, J. Ban (Allatorvosi Lapok, 36 {1913), No. 52, 

 pp. 620, 621; ahs. in Intenmt. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, mid 

 Plant Diseases, 3 {WlJf), No. 6, p. 777). — It is stated that in many districts 

 of Hungary the disease is fairly frequent and that it attacks some herds every 

 year, sometimes causing considerable loss. This is said to be especially true 

 of districts on the right bank of the Danube where the author has observed it 

 to be one of the most frequent diseases of suckling pigs. Protective inocula- 

 tions with cowpox lymph gave good results in several localities on about 400 

 young pigs. 



The use of atoxyl in equine influenza, M. Stance and Szulewsky (Berlin. 

 Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 30 (1914), No. 28, pp. ^96, 497; al)S. in Vet. Rec, 27 (19U), 

 No. 1359, p. 62). — Atoxyl was used with success during a severe and extended 

 outbreak of influenza in army horses in which the catarrhal and pectoral 

 forms of the disease occurred simultaneously. 



All of 84 cases of pectoral influenza with severe general symptoms that were 

 treated by intravenous injections of from 0.3 to 0.4 gm. of atoxyl, without the 

 previous use of other agents, recovered, whereas three other cases of like 

 severity treated symptomatically as controls all died of pulmonary gan- 

 grene. As a rule a single dose of from 0.3 to 0.4 gm. was suflicient to arrest 

 the pathological process and stimulate the absorption of the exudate. In rare 

 cases the same dose had to be repeated the next day or later. The most 

 favorable effect was observed when the atoxyl was used on the fourth or fifth 

 day of the illness, when the temperature was high. 



It is pointed out that atoxyl is much cheaper than salvarsan and its use 

 does not require so difficult a manipulation. The authors, therefore, recom- 

 mend atoxyl as a substitute for salvarsan. 



The method in which fowl cholera immune serum acts, E. Weil (Arch. 

 Hyg., 79 (1913), No. 2-3, pp. 59-71).— Tha purpose of this investigation, which 

 is a continuation of the studies already noted (E. S. R., 30, p. 186), was to 

 determine the time in which the protective properties of the serum set in, 

 and, furthermore, to establish why immune substances must remain in the 

 blood for a time in order to protect the animal. 



The results show that immune serum pretreated with bacteria does not pro- 

 tect against intraperitoneal infection with virulent bacteria. On the other 

 hand, if the bacterial injection is made some two hours later (also after 

 five to nine hours), the death of the animal does not result. The amount of 

 serum given and the infecting dose have a great influence upon the time of pro- 

 tection. The time factor is not believed to be dependent upon the resorp- 



