ECONOMIC ZOOLCKJV — ENTOMOLOGY. 453 



36, plf^. 2, figs. 20; ab,^. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), Sci: A, Xo. Jf, pp. 259-261).— 

 This paper discusses the biologj', uatural enemies, and means of control of 

 A. austriaca, a lamellicorn beetle that is of considerable economic importance 

 in southern Russia, Austria-Hungar3% Syria, and Asia Minor. 



About 22 months are required for the development of the larva and three 

 weeks for the pujui. The adult beetle attacks chiefly rye, wheat, and barley 

 at the time the grain is still soft, gnawing the seeds, and sometimes devouring 

 them entirely. Three parasites, namely, TipJiia fonorata, T. morio, and IScoUa 

 quadripunetafa, attack the larvje. A fungus disease due to Entonwplithora 

 [Mctdrrhizium] aiiifiopliw caused a high mortality among the larvic in 1902, 

 from 60 to 70 per cent having been destroyed in the vicinity of Kishenef. The 

 remedial measures suggested include trap crops of wheat and rye and also 

 maize, and replowing for the destruction of the eggs and larvae. In south and 

 middle Russia there are additional species of Anisoplia, such as A. cyathigcra, 

 A, scgetum, and others, which are less injurious. 



A synoptical table to facilitate the identification of the various species of 

 Anisoplia, another giving the distinctive characters of the commoner lamellicorn 

 larv;e found in the soil, and two colored plates are appended. 



Description of a new African coccinellid, Serangium giffardi n. sp., G. 

 Gkaxdi {Bol. Lab. Zool. Gen. c Agr. R. Scuola Sup. Agr. Portici, S {1914), pp. 

 165-178, figs. 8; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 (1914), 8er. A, No. 6, p. 348).— 8. 

 giffardi, collected in Nigeria and Kamerun by F. Silvestri, is said to be actively 

 prodaceous on Aleyro<lidfe, both in the adult and larval stages. 



Description of the larva and pupa of Sitona humeralis and studies of the 

 morphology of the adult, G. Grandi {Bol. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. R. Scuola 

 Sup. Agr. Portici, 7 {1913), pp. 93-100, figs. 7; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 2 {1914), 

 Scr. A, No. 3, p. 181). — This article relates to the morphology and biology of »S'. 

 humeralis, the larva of which feeds on the roots of alfalfa and other species 

 of Medicago (J/, sativa, M. lupulina, and M. minima). 



A nematode parasite of the olive weevil, G. del Gueecio (Redia, 9 {1913), 

 No. 2, pp. 233, 234; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, 

 and Plant Diseases, 5 {1914), No. 7, pp. 967, 968). — ^A minute nematode, ap- 

 parently a Rhabditis. has Iieen observed by the author since 1911 to be a para- 

 site of the olive weevil (Rhgnchites ruber), an account of which pest has been 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 28, p. 455). It attacks the larvae when they leave 

 the olives and burrow into the ground. When inside the larva the nematode 

 grows and reproduces so that the host becomes a center of infection for other 

 larvfo ; the infested larva eventually becomes motionless and dies. 



The artifi.cial fertilization of queen bees, F. Jager and C. W. Howard 

 {Science, n. ser., 40 {1914), No. 10.37, p. 720). — The authors report apparent 

 success in one of eight attempts to fertilize queen bees artificially. At the 

 time of writing 3.000 eggs had been laid by this queen bee. all of which had 

 produced worker bees, with the exception of four which produced drones. In 

 every respect the brood, capping of cells, and the resulting worker bees were 

 r^erfectly normal. 



A little-known orchid pest (Isosoma orchideainim), L. A. Whitney {Ho. 

 Bui. Com. Hort. Cal, 3 {1914), No. 11, pp. 483-485, figs. 4).— An account is 

 given of the life history and of control measures for /. orchidearum, a hymenop- 

 teran regarded by florists as one of the worst pests to which the orchid is 

 subject. 



" The most practical control measures are constant watchfulness, fumiga- 

 tion with a vaporizing insecticide for the adults, and the cutting and buniing 

 of infested buds. This seems like heroic treatment, but if not taken in time 

 this insect will quickly destroy a prize collection of plants." 



