ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 461 



liigL-protein diet continued to fall for three days, when its subnormal value re- 

 turned to the normal. No direct relation between the hydrogen iou concentra- 

 tion and the ammonia out])ut was noted. 



See also a previous note (E. S. K., 30, p. 704). 



The gaseous metabolism of infants with special reference to its relation 

 to pulse rate and muscular activity, F. G. Benedict and F. B. Talbot {Car- 

 ney ie Inst. Washington Pub. 201 {19H), pp. 168, figs. 6,5).— In addition to a 

 complete review of the literature and a presentation of a number of important 

 problems in this field, the authors report the results of observations upon 37 

 infants. 



The carbon dioxid production and the oxygen consumi)tion were measured 

 simultaneously by means of a respiration apparatus which was also ])rovided 

 with a device for registering the sliglitest body movement. A series of 12-hour 

 continuous pulse records showed a sudden and considerable increase in pulse 

 rate when crying or nursing, which returned quickly to the low level on cessa- 

 tion of crying or feeding. The i)ulse rate agreed closely with the muscular 

 activity of the infants, as shown by the records of a swinging crib upon a 

 kymograph. Metabolism increased or decreased accordingly as the pulse rate 

 and musfular activity increased or decreased. An increase in pulse rate and 

 metabolism which was independent of external activity was regarded as an 

 indication of internal work, of which the pulse rate is suggested as an index. 



Under conditions of complete muscular repose it was found that, although 

 the smaller infants had in general the smaller total metabolism, there were 

 sutlicient exceptions to prevent formulation of a definite law. In these experi- 

 ments no relationship existed between the age of the infants and the heat 

 pro<iuction per square meter of body surface, neither was there any relation 

 between the heat production per square meter of body surface and the actual 

 body weight, the normal weight for the age, and the expected body weight. The 

 evidence derived from these experiments tends to show that the heat produc- 

 tion is determined by the active mass of protoplasmic tissues which may be 

 stimulated to various degrees of cellular activity. The intensity of this stimu- 

 lus is indicated by the pulse rate. 



The physiologic cost of insufficient protective clothing, G. W. Fitz {4- 

 Inteniat. Cong. School Hi/g., Buffalo, N. Y., Trans., 2 (1913), pp. 300-305).— 

 The author discusses the relative values of different materials and weaves for 

 clothing, and points out the dangers of inadequate protection by clothing and 

 the general ignorance on the part of both laymen and physicians regarding this 

 subject. 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



[Animal husbandry work], J. H. Grisdale, E. S. Archibald, et al. {Canada 

 Expt. Farms Rpts. 1913, pp. 50, 51, 15, 83, 98, 99, 523-530, 532-537, 539-5^2, 

 578-596, 598-600, 613, pis. 6).— Analyses of 23 varieties of mangels showed a 

 dry matter content ranging from 13.38 to 7.87 per cent and sugar from 9.15 to 

 4.75 per cent. Though not an invariable rule, those containing the larger per- 

 centage of dry matter were the richer in sugar. In 19 varieties of turnips the 

 sugar content was fairly constant, but much lower than in mangels. The dry 

 matter ranged from 10.55 to 5.85 i>er cent. Carrots, judging from their compo- 

 sition, were intermetliate in food value between mangels and turnips. 



One lot of hogs was fed 3 Iba of skim milk per day, another lot, G lbs., the 

 other constituents of the ration being the same for both lots. Those fed the 

 larger quantity of milk made very economical gains, a saving of O.G ct. per 

 pound of increase in weight being effected. 



