ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 463 



Two lols of steers were fed for 90 days ©u a grain mixture of bran, oruslied 

 oats, and oil-cal<e nioal, 2:2:1, and bay, lot 1 receiving 50 per cent more meal 

 and roots tban lot 2. From tbis experiment it is concluded tbat tbe greater 

 profits per steer in tinisbing are obtained by tbe use of a beavier grain ration, 

 in otber words, tbo sbort-keep steer is more profitable tban tbe long-keep steer. 

 Roots are of great value in finisbing. hut sbould be used in greater proportion 

 at tbe comniencement of the finisbing ])eriod than at tbe end when the quantity 

 of meal is greatest. Tbe most rapid gains in steer finishing accompany the 

 beavier feeding and are the most economical. 



Two lots of steers were finl for 107 days, lot 1 outside on straw, with a small 

 quantity of corn stover and alfalfa at tbe last of the feeding experiment, 

 together with a mixture of oats and barley chop, lot 2 inside on straw, turnips, 

 and corn silage, together with a little alfalfa, oats, and barley chop. It is 

 concluded from tbis experiment tbat steers may be fattened successfully and 

 jirofitably outside, in tbe climate of Manitoba. Greater gains at the cost of 

 less feed can be made where the steers can l)e stabled, but the increased gains 

 from stabling are probably not sutficient to justify the expenditure for building 

 expensive stables. 



A lot of 12 two-year-old steers, fed 149 days a grain ration of wheat, barley, 

 and oats 4:3:3, rutabagas, alfalfa bay, and oat hay, made an average daily 

 gain per bead of 1.77 lbs. at a cost of 10 ets. per pound of gain, and made a net 

 profit per bead of .$10.37. It required 10.36 lbs. of dry matter, or 8.25 lbs. of 

 digestible matter, to produce a pound of gain. 



Seven lots of wether and ewe lambs, as nearly uniform as possible, and 

 weighing a])proximately 75 lbs. per bead, were fed for 88 days a grain mixture 

 of oats, barley, peas, and bran. 1:1:1:3, lot 1 receiving in addition, alfalfa 

 hay and later additional bran, lot 2, mixed timothy hay and corn stover, lot 3, 

 timothy and mangels, lot 4, oats and pea hay and turnips, lot 5, alfalfa bay 

 and turnii)S, lot 0, mixed timothy and garden refuse (ealjbage, tops of vege- 

 tables, etc.), and lot 7, timothy bay and oats and pea bay mixed together. 

 Tbe average daily gains iter bead for the respective lots were as follows: 

 0.102, 0.022, 0.076, 0.072. 0.144, 0.07, and O.OG lb. ; tbe cost of feed per pound of 

 gain 15.25, 60.8. 16.4, 20. 12.4, 18.9, and 26 cts. ; tbe net profit per lamb 48, 24.3, 

 57.2. 37.1, 79, 52, and 39.2 cts. 



Tbe average results of two years' tests with 66 lambs for 89 days of alfalfa 

 hay 1-. mixed bay, and corn stover v. timothy hay and roots as roughage in fat- 

 tening lambs are given as follows: Average gain per head per day 0.137, 0.052, 

 and 0.087 lb.; cost per pound of gain, 12.5, 27.2, and 16.6 cts.; and tbe net 

 profit Iter lamb 52. 30.2, 0.08 cts., respectively. It is concluded from these 

 experiments tbat alfalfa bay is a most economical feed for fattening lambs, 

 but is often excelled by mixtures of otber less concentrated roughages which 

 have greater succulence. Alfalfa and roots make by far the most concentrated, 

 best balanced, and most profitable roughage for lamb feeding. Timothy hay 

 alone is a poor roughage for sheep, but when fed in conjunction with roots or 

 garden refuse answers fairly well and yields fair profits. Corn stover is too 

 coarse for lambs, but when fed with roots yields a small margin of profit. 

 Oats and pea bay did not rank as high as anticipated, but yielded a fair margin 

 of profit. The cost per pound of gain was very high in all lots excepting where 

 alfalfa was fed. 



Four lots of 10 grade wethers each were fed for 76 days as follows : Lot 1, 

 timothy bay, roots, and meal; lot 2, timothy hay and meal; lot 3, clover hay. 

 roots, and meal; lot 4, clover hay and meal. They made an average daily 

 gain per head of 0.3, 0.25, 0.31, and 0.27 lb., costing per pound of gain 9.06, 



