FOODS HUMAN NUTRITION. 67 



formation of smaller and more flocculent curds than in the case of the goat's 

 milk. In the ease of 16 clinical observations, 12 cases gained more rapidly 

 upon modified cow's milk while 4 gained more rapidly upon modified goat's 

 milk. 



Is polished rice plus vitamin a complete food? C. Funk {Jour. Physiol., ^8 

 (1914), X^o. 2-3, pp. 228-2,32). — Feeding experiments with birds are reported in 

 which was studied tlie effect of adding the vitamin fraction from yeast to a 

 diet of polished rice. The author draws the following conclusions : 



" The experiments show conclusively that polished rice and vitamin con- 

 stitute a complete food. 



" There is no justification at the present moment to accept the necessity of two 

 different vitamins, one for curing the nervous sj^mptoms and one for mainte- 

 nance of body weight. 



" The vitamin fraction used in the above experiments being entirely free from 

 phosphorus we are justified in saying that the physiological importance ascribed 

 in late years to lipoids and substances soluble in lipoid solvents as regards 

 their bearing on deficiency diseases must not be attributed to lipoids, but to 

 vitamins which are accidentally extracted in the same process." 



The vitamins, P. G. Stiles (-S'ci, Amer. Sup., 77 (WU), No. 2008, p. ^20).— 

 A. digest of data. 



Nerve degeneration in fowls fed on unhusked rice (Palay), R. B. Gibson 

 and ISABELO Concepcion {Philippine Jour. Sci., Sect. B, 9 {191Jf), No. 1, pp. 

 119-123, pis. 1). — The results obtained by the authors seem to indicate that 

 " the substitution of rough rice for the polished article can not be completely 

 protective against beri-beri in all individuals. We do not mean to say that this 

 substitution has not practically eliminated beri-beri where it has been under- 

 taken or that the use of I'ice polishings is not without great therapeutic value. 

 But in view of the accumulated evidence, we can say that the addition of other 

 foodstuffs to a diet of unpolished rice is essential to meet the normal nutritive 

 requirements of the body." 



The etiology of pellagra, J. Goldbeeger {PuJ). Health Rpts. [U. S.], 29 

 {1914), No. 26, pp. 1683-1686). — The epidemiological observation that nurses and 

 attendants in institutions where there are numerous cases of this disease are 

 themselves exempt from it may be explained, in the opinion of the author, 

 by the difference in diet. It is pointed out that pellagra is distinctly rural and 

 generally associated with poverty. It has previously been shown by studies 

 of institutional dietaries and dietaries of rural regions that cereals make up a 

 much greater portion of the dietaries of the poorer classes than of the more 

 well-to-do, and while the author does not believe that the consumption of corn 

 or corn products is necessary for the development of pellagra, he believes that 

 the presence of cereals and vegetables in too great a proportion in the diet is 

 objectionable. In conclusion, he urges, on account of the uncertainty as to the 

 true cause of the disease, a " reduction in cereals, vegetables, and canned 

 foods that enter to so large an extent into the dietary of many of the people 

 in the South and an increase in the fresh animal food comi>onent, such as 

 fresh meats, eggs, and milk." 



The degree of metabolism in various kinds of work, G. Becker {Natur- 

 wissenschaften, 2 {1914), No. 23, pp. 558-562). — Experimental data are reported, 

 most of which have been noted from another source (E. S. R.. 31, p. 561). 



A micro-respiration apparatus and some of the studies made with it of 

 the temperature-metabolism curve of insect pupae, A. Krogh {Biochem. 

 Ztschr., 62 {1914), No. 3-4, pp. 266-219, figs. 5).— In this article is described a 

 micro-respiration apparatus which consists essentially of a modified apparatus 

 for differential blood gas analysis of the Barcroft type. 



