DISEASES OF PLANTS. 49 



shot liole disease of plums and cherries, fruit rot of tomatoes, and blossom end 

 rot of toioatoes. 



Plant diseases noted as comparatively new in Ontario are club root of cru- 

 ciferous plants, powdery or corky scab of potatoes, and yellows and cane blight 

 of raspberries. Protective measures are suggested. 



Experiments with late blight of celery are said to indicate that loss from this 

 cause can be prevented by spraying with Bordeaux mixture every two weeks 

 beginning with the plants in the seed bed. Lime sulphur did not prove to be so 

 effective. 



Rose leaf blotch was somewhat lessened by use of Bordeaux mixture, and 

 was controlled by use of lime sulphur repeated every 10 days from May 2 to 

 June 12 and then from August 4 to September 15. 



An observation of the apothecial stage of Sclerotmia cinerea was reported 

 as supposedly the first instance of such observation in Ontario. Plowing under 

 mummied fruit would appear to be ineffective as prevention, If, as seems prob- 

 able, apothecia are produced from old fruits which have been buried a year 

 or more in the soil and then brought to the surface by fresh plowing. These 

 observations are to be continued. 



The Uredinales, A. Trottee (Flora Ital. Crypt., 1 (1914), No. 12, pp. S31~519, 

 figs. 33). — This is the concluding number of this study, the first two having been 

 noted previously (E. S. R., 26, p. 213). It gives In addition to genera and 

 species previously listed a number of others known in Italy, also lists of imper- 

 fect Uredinales, a general supplement to the work, and an alphabetical index 

 of the fungi along with one of host plants. 



Preliminary notes on the cultivation of the plant parasitic nematode, 

 Heterodera radicicola, L. P. Byars {Phytopathology, 4 {1914), No. 4, pp. 823- 

 326, pi. 1). — The author describes a method which has been successfully em- 

 ployed in cultivating nematodes for inoculation studies and other investigations. 



In connection with this investigation a method of growing host plants under 

 sterile conditions was elaborated, and a brief description of the method is 

 given. 



[Grain smuts], C. A. Zavitz (Ann. Rpt. Ontario Ayr. Col. and Expt. Farm, 

 39 {1913), pp. 132-135). — Reporting on experiments carried out for five years in 

 testing out practically some of the most highly recommended treatments for 

 loose smut of oats and stinking smut of wheat, the author states that the 

 greatest yields per acre of both winter wheat and oats were produced fi'om 

 grain which had been immersed for 20 minutes in a solution of i pint of for- 

 malin to 21 gal. of water, this treatment effectually killing the smut. 



A 12-year series of smut immunity tests on oats appeared to show that great 

 differences in susceptibility exist. The Early Ripe variety is almost immune 

 to smut, while Black Tartarian is extremely susceptible to its attacks. 



The treatment of seed wheat, H. Ross {Agr. Qaz. N. 8. Wales, 25 {1914), 

 No. 3, pp. 237, 238) . — The author describes a method of treating seed wheat to 

 prevent stinking smut. The wheat in bags is thoroughly shaken for three 

 minutes in 5 per cent copper sulphate solution (any unbroken bunt balls being 

 skimmed off as they appear), then drained for 10 or 15 minutes, avoiding con- 

 tact with any iron or tin surface. If the seed is to be dried before planting, it 

 is necessai-y and in any case advisable that a 0.5 per cent solution of freshly 

 burnt lime be allowed to settle, the clear lime water drained off and the seed 

 immersed into this for two or three minutes. The lime water should be fre- 

 quently made afresh as used to prevent its becoming acid. 



A disease involving the dropping of cotton bolls, J. L. Hewitt (Phytopa- 

 thology, 4 (1914), No. 4, pp. 327-332, pi. 1, figs. 2).— The author reports the 

 dropping of partially grown cotton bolls in fields in many parts of Arkansas 



