RURAL ENGINEERING. 591 



covered with inch mesh wire. Tyjie K liouse is of the half monitor construction 

 witli glass front and no muslin curtains. Type M house is of the shed roof tji'c 

 S ft. 2 in. high in front and 5 ft. 2 in. at the back and is built of 12 by 12 in. 

 Natco hollow tile. Type R house is intended for a cheap shelter and is of the 

 shed roof type 7^ ft. high in front and 4 ft. in the back. Each unit of the type 

 L house is a square house 20 by 20 ft. and gives a capacity of 100 hens. The 

 house is only single boarded on all four sides except at the rear and above the 

 dropping boards and perches. About this si)ace sheathing boards are also closely 

 nailed to the side of the back studs and rafters. The front of the house i.s 

 largely taken up by the curtains and windows, the former being hinged at the 

 top and the latter at the side. A distinct feature of the house is a large dry 

 mash hopper i^laced every 40 ft. 



The studies were made for the purpose of securing data on cost of material, 

 temperature variations, moisture conditions, food consumption, egg production, 

 and total net profit. 



It was found that a type resembling house L meets more nearly all the ideal 

 conditions and that type K represents everything which is undesiral)le. As a 

 result of the studies the liouses are classed in the following order of excellence: 

 L, R, J. P. M, and K. 



In addition, the Xew Jersey portable breeding house is described and diagram- 

 matieally illustrated. 



Cooking-boilers on poultry farms, J. Hadlington (Agr. Gaz. N. S. Wales, 

 25 (1914), No. 10, pp. 898-900. figs. .J).— These are briefly described and illus- 

 trated diagrammatically. 



Ice houses and the use of ice on the dairy farm, J. T. Bowen and G. Mu 

 Lambert {U. 8. Dcpt. Agr., Fanners' Bid. 6.1S {191.5). pp. 2-',. figs. /,S).— This 

 discusses the use of ice on the dairy farm for the keeping of milk and cream and 

 gives plans and specifications for ice liouses. 



It is pointed out that wherever ice is abundant the cost of harvesting and 

 storing is usually very small. " The dairyman should consider both the cost of 

 construction and the cost of the ice in selecting the type [of house] most suitable 

 for his requirements." 



As regards insulation it is stated that "an air space 1 in. wide is i)ractically as 

 good as one 12 in. wide. Air circulation is valuable, however, between the insu- 

 lated ceiling and the roof of an ice house in order to break up the heat radia- 

 tion through the roof. No entrance or exit of air should be allowed to take 

 place in a room where ice is stored, especially at or near the ground line, as the 

 cold currents of air at the bottom will filter through. . . . The building should 

 be so constructed that there will be a circulation of air through the outer walls 

 and at the eaves to the ventilator on the roof, as these air currents tend to break 

 up the heat radiation through the walls and roof. . . . 



" Ice should never be placed directly on the ground, soil being a fairly good 

 conductor of heat, esiiecially when wet. ... In houses that have the floor below 

 the level of the ground, sufficient drainage usually can bi obtainefl through the 

 soil, especially if the soil is porous. It may be necessary, however, with a clay 

 soil, to excavate a foot or two and fill in with cinders or gravel, and to place a 

 3-in. porous tile under the floor. This drain should be properly trapped or 

 sealed to prevent warm air from entering the building through the floor. . . . 



'• It is of the utmost importance that brick, concrete, and wooden buildings 

 be waterproofed. Brick and concrete work may be rendered waterproof by- 

 painting the outside of the wall with white lead and oil or by coating the walls 

 with a preparation of paraflin or asphalt. . . . 



"About 40 cu. ft. of space should ordinarily be allowed for a ton of ice. . . . 



