540 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Tent caterpillars were successfully controlle<l iu tbe orchard by using 

 arsenate of lead with lime-sulphur and with Bordeaux. In cases where masses 

 of caterpillars were found on ornamentals and on individual trees a dust 

 composed of pyrethrum and 4 parts of cheap flour as well as an emulsion made 

 up of 8 oz. of flour and 1 qt. kerosene to 2 gal. of water were found to kill the 

 caterpillars quickly by contact. 



The work at the branch stations and farms consisted largely of variety 

 tests. At the Kentville substation, Nova Scotia, W. S. Blair in charge, tests 

 were made of Bordeaux v. lime-sulphur in controlling apple scab. Lime-sul- 

 phur was practically as effective as Bordeaux in controlling the scab and 

 caused much less russeting of the fruit than Bordeaux. The 3:3:40 Bor- 

 deaux apr)earod to russet the fruit as much as the 4 : 4 : 40. Arsenate of lead 

 used alone showed no fungicidal value. 



Plant introduction and acclimatization, J. J. Thornbke {Arizona Sta. Rpt. 

 1913, pp. 255, 256). — A brief statement of proposed work with native walnuts, 

 elderberries, and currants, together with a list of native hardy ornamentals 

 growing at the station grounds. 



[Bean breeding' investigations], G. F. 'Freeman and J. C. T. Uphof (Arizona 

 Sta. Rpt. 1913, pp. 261-263). — The work with beans has been confined to the 

 selective breeding of the white tepary and to certain studies of inheritance 

 among hybrids and pure races of both beans and teparies. Continued efforts to 

 cross the bean upon the tepary and also the tepary and the Lima bean have re- 

 sulted negatively. A few pods of the tepaiy-Lima cross were set but all failed 

 to mature seed. 



A small plat sown broadcast to tepary beans, at the rate of 60 lbs. per acre, 

 gave an estimated yield of about 3^ tons of air-dry hay per acre. 



In the tepary breeding plat, 105 plant rows were grown, each row being from 

 the seed of a single plant selection of the previous year. A marked contrast 

 was observed between different rows as to the relative proportion of vine and 

 seed, time of maturity, habit of growth, and productivity. The average for all 

 races was 35 per cent of dry cleaned seed. 



Phosphate for spinach, T. C. Johnson (Virginia Truck Sta. Bid. 11 {191J^), 

 pp. 269-276). — ^A previous bulletin gave in detail the plan of a combined fer- 

 tilizer, soil management, and cropping system experiment with truck crops 

 started by the station in 1908. The effect of various treatments, as measured 

 by a crop of kale grown during the season of 1912-13, was also shown (E. S. 

 R., 30, p. 532). In the present bulletin tbe author presents data for the 1913-14 

 kale crop and also shows the effect of various treatments as measured by crops 

 of spinach during the season 1913-14. Although no conclusions are drawn from 

 the work, thus far the results indicate that spinach requires a considerably 

 larger quantity of phosphoric acid than is contained in the ordinary fertilizers 

 used. 



An apple orchard survey of Mills County, L. Greene {loiim Sta. Bui. 153 

 (191Jf), pp. 252-316, figs. 35). — This bulletin gives the results of a survey con- 

 ducted in 1911-12 relative to the conditions and methods of management of 

 the apple orchards in Mills County, Iowa. With results of this survey as a 

 basis, suggestions are given relative to the renovation and care of apple 

 orchards. 



The orchard area in Mills County is about 3.000 acres, and the average age 

 of the trees 19 years. The avei'age planting distance was found to be 22 by 

 22 ft Although no data were secured with reference to the effect of planting 

 distance on yield, observations on the general conditions of the orchards indi- 

 cate that the trees were planted too close for the best results. Eighty-two per 



