548 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



dew as shown by experience in many tj-jncal cases and in representative parts 

 of England for some years past, the author states that the order of the Board 

 of Agriculture and Fisheries requiring the destruction of all diseased bushes has 

 been withdrawn, although destruttion is still recommended w^here bushes are 

 old and badly diseased. Owing to the habits of the fungus as described, spray- 

 ing has proved impracticable in a large number of cases, and it is thought to 

 be of value only in cases where the disease has api>eared recently and is noted 

 in time (soil infection being slight or absent), or where the object is to keep 

 the fruit free from disease for marketing. No definite or uniform success has 

 attended soil treatment. The value of pruning If done early and properly is 

 said to be decided, but to have its own disadvantages, which are outlined, chief 

 among these being its usually late or imperfect accomplishment. 



Banana disease on the Clarence Biver {Agr. Gaz. 'N. 8. IFrt/es, 25 (1914), 

 No. 9, pp. 809, 810). — For the past two or three years a new disease has been 

 noted among bananas on the Clarence River. It is known locally as pear top, 

 bunch top, blight, or rust. Investigation has not shown it to be caused by 

 bacteria or fungi and it is thought to be of physiological origin. Soil exhaustion 

 is suggested by the facts that it appears only on old plantations and that sugar 

 cane on such soils shows a similar habit. 



Remedies suggested are thinning, rotation, and fertilizing according to for- 

 mulas given. 



Cacao canker and its control in Java, C. J. J. van Hall (JJcded. Proefstat. 

 Midden-Java, No. 6 {1912), pp. 11). — The author, referring to the claim of 

 Rorer (E. S. R., 27. p. 750), confirmed by Rutgers (E. S. R., 29, p. 248), that 

 PhytophtKora fateri is the cause of both cacao canker and black or brown pod 

 rot of cacao, notes the facts that in artificial cultures P. faberi is quickly over- 

 grown by Fiisarium colorans associated therewith, and may disappear from the 

 margins, easily giving the impression that F. colorans is the primary cause of 

 the trouble, which is really due to P. fabcrl. 



Control measures recommended include the removal of all cankered fruits 

 or of spots on the tree, the production of unfavorable life conditions for the 

 parasite (as by better control of shading, involving attention to both the cacao 

 trees and others growing therewith), and the prevention of infection or or 

 spread in case of incipient attack, as by the use of such fungicides as Bordeaux 

 mixture. 



Notice relating to citrus canker, E. S. Tucker (Louisiana Stas. Crop Pest 

 Notice 1 {191Jt), pp. 2). — Attention is called to the occurrence of the citrus 

 canker in Louisiana and a plea is made for the prompt cooperation of citrus 

 growers to secure its eradication. 



CofEee leaf disease, W. Smai,l {Uganda Dcpt. Agr. Circ. 1 {1914). pp. 8).— 

 This disease (due to Hemileia vastatrix) is said to to be endemic in Uganda, 

 having been present on practically every tree of native coffee for many years, 

 but to have been only recently recognized definitely as to species and impor- 

 tance. It is said to be known now in all coffee-growing countries of the Old 

 AVorld. In 1913 losses on areas of recent planting amounted to 30 per cent in 

 many instances, but on some of these areas the trees afterwards showed new 

 shoots and foliage and some promise of good crops. 



Such preventive measures are recommended as give access of sunlight and 

 wind. These include planting iti dry localities with wide spacing, the plats so 

 arranged that the prevailing winds may sweep them crosswise rather than 

 lengthwise. Destruction of all fallen and visibly diseased leaves is considered 

 important. Careful selection of material for planting, appropriate manuring, 

 supervision of native trees, etc., are measures relied uixm to reduce the amount 



