644 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



cates that there is something present in the virus of mosaic disease which is 

 extraneous to the protoplasmic organization of healthy plants, and, In his opin- 

 ion, parasitism offers by far the simplest and most reasonable explanation of 

 its origin. 



A fruit spot of tomato, II. 1'kuotti and U. Cristofoletti (Staz. Sper. Agr. 

 JUiL, 7/7 {191/,), Ko. 3, pp. 169-216, pis. 3, figs. 9).— Reporting a study of the 

 fruit rot said to be pec-uliar to a small, pear shaped A-ariety of tomato, tlie author 

 states that this rot is associated with the presence of the fungus Clado-^porUnn 

 herbarum and of a bacterium described as a new species, Pscudomonas poly- 

 ci'omigena, the latter being noni)arasitic and apparently dependent upon the 

 diminution of acidity in the fruit by its associated fungus. 



Frequently the same spots show also the presence of another fungus, consid- 

 ered also as parasitic and described as a new variety, Oosporn (Oidium) lactis 

 solani. It is thought that C. herhanun is hindered by the presence of the other 

 organisms, also that since not over 5 to 10 per cent of the fruits are attacked 

 by C. herharum, the development of a more resistant variety need not be very 

 difficult. 



Fruit pit studies in the Willamette Valley, C. I. Lewis {Oregon Sta. Bien. 

 Crop Pest and Ilort. Rpt. 1913-14, pp. 35-37, fig. 1). — The author reports three 

 years' work conducted on a study of the fruit pit in the Willamette Valley, the 

 disease being locally known under a number of names. 



It is believed that the trouble may be due to some physiological disturbance, 

 no definite cause having been determined for it. The general appearance of 

 fruit affected by this trouble is indicated by spots, which may be only on the 

 surface, and finally cause a depression in the skin, or the pits may not show on 

 the outside, but be scattered throughout the flesh. Occasionally the trouble 

 takes the form of a dry rot around the core. 



The effect of various fertilizers on controlling this disease was Investigated 

 without conclusive results. The author comments on the effect of cold storage 

 in retarding the disease. 



Apple rust and die-back, Jl. M. Nicholls {Agr. Oaz. Tasmania, 22 {1914), 

 No. 9, pp. 351-360, figs. 6). — It is claimed that apple rust, cracking, die-back, 

 and leaf spot, besides possibly other disorders of more or less obscure character, 

 are due to the presence and activity of the fungus Coniothecium chomatospo- 

 rium in some of its several stages or forms, which are briefly discussed. 



It is stated that the activity of this fungus is favored by exposure to strong 

 light, also by use of Bordeaux mixture, and that it is carried over winter largely 

 on dead leaves, and spread probably by omitting to disinfect pruning tools 

 between trees. Poor drainage also, it seems, may sometimes play a part, as 

 may any condition tending to check normal growth of the trees. 



No fungicidal preparations yet tested have proved entirely successful and 

 safe. 



Cedar rust on the apple, W. M. Scott {Rpt. Md. State Uort. Soc, 15 {1912), 

 pp. 91-105). — This is a report with discussion on recent experience with apple 

 rust, ascribed mainly to Gymnosporangium macropus, though it is thought to be 

 producible also by G. globosum and G. clavipes. 



Destruction of all cedars in the locality is the remedy most favored. When 

 this is not practicable the use of such a fungicide as lime sulphur is found help- 

 ful. This is to be applied just before the blossoms open, again as soon as the 

 petals fall, and twice later at intervals of about 10 days. There is also a dis- 

 cussion of resistant apple varieties. 



Bacterial gummosis or bacterial canker of cherries, H. P. Barss {Oregon 

 Sta. Bien. Crop Pest and Hori. Rpt. 1913-14, pp. 224-2J,0. figs. 7).— A progress 

 report is given of an investigation previously noted (E. S. R.. 29. p. 154). 



