710 EXPEKIMENT STATION HECOKD. 



holjc soclu l)iU not l)y ether had an averatce aij,'estibilU.v of 11.2 per ceut. The 

 digestibility in four cases was zero. The saponificxl residue of the ether ex- 

 tract was digested, on an average, 45.1 per ceut, and in the alcoholic soda 

 extract 25.8 per cent. The nitrogen-free extract of feeding stuffs contains 

 considerable material soluble in ether, which can be extracted by alcoholic 

 sod.i. This ether-soluble matter consists of unsapouifiable matter, fatty acids. 

 and, [iriiicipally, of nonfat organic acids, in the case of hays and excrements 

 from them. It made up from 2.72 to 32.30 j)er cent of the nitrogen-free extract 

 of those samples, and averagetl 5.97 per cent. In the concentrates it made 

 up from zero to 3.S4 per cent of the nitrogen-free extract, and averaged 1.49 

 per ceut of the nitrogen-free extract." 



Chemical changes during silage formation, It. 10. Neiuiu {loica .S7fl. Rt- 

 scarch Bui. IG (liUJ,), pp. S-2.i ; Jour. Awcr. Chrin. Soc, 36 U91J,), No. 11, pp. 

 2Jt01-2JilS). — Continuing previous work (E. S. R., 29. p. 712), an examination 

 of the contents of three types of silo, viz, wooden stave, hollow clay tile, and 

 concrete, showed the following changes during the actual period of silage 

 formation : 



" Xonreducing sugar was rapidly chaugod to reducing sugar, and the latter 

 then decreasetl in amount but did not disappear completely. The amount of 

 volatile acids increased daily. In the concrete silo, as already demonstrated 

 for the hollow tile and wooden stave silos, the racemic lactic acid produced 

 showed a daily increase. Alcohol was formed, in small amounts in each silo. 

 Carbon dioxid developed very rapidly after filling the silo. Free oxygen 

 disappeared entirely after the second or third day. The maximum temperature 

 observed in any of the three silos was 91° F. 



" Within the limits of this investigation, no differences were noted which 

 might be attributed to differences iu the material of which the silos were 

 constructed." 



Synthetic processes taking place during the autolysis of yeast, N. Iwaxokf 

 (Biochcm. ZtscJir., 63 (1914), ^'o. Jf-6, pp. 359-368, fiy. 1; aha. in Jour. Chew. 

 »S'oe. [Lnndoni, 106 (.1914), ^o. 621, I, p. 911). — In this work the proteins were 

 jirecipitated. by cupric hydroxid, the proteoses by lead acetate, and the diamine 

 acids by phosphotungstic acid. The nitrogen in the various fractions was esti- 

 mated during the progress of autolysis. It was noted, that the addition of 

 jiotassium hydrogen phosphate to the mixture increased the protein fraction. 



Enzyms of Aspergillus oryzae and the application of its amyloclastic 

 enzym to the fermentation industry. J. Takamine (Jour. Indus:, and Eniiin. 

 Chcni., 6 (1914), ^0. 10, pp. 824-S28). — A review of the literature and st)me of 

 the author's work on the use of A. oryzw iu the preparation of taka-koji. 

 Taka-koji is suggested for use instead of malt for sjiccharifyiug cereals 

 employed for the preparation of alcohol, etc. 



Studies on enzym action. — XI, Some experiments with, castor bean urease, 

 K. G. Falk and K. Sugiura (Jour. Amcr. Chcni. Soc, 36 (1914), Xo. 10, pp. 

 2166-2170). — Castor bean urease (E. S. R.. 00. ]). 409) was found to hydrolyze 

 much less urea than did similar soy bean preparations under comparable 

 conditions, but the action of acids, bases, and salts on the hydroly.sis of urea by 

 castor beau urease was found to be similar to that observed by others with 

 soj'^ bean urease. For previous work see a note by Zemplen ( E. S. E.. 27. p. 633) 

 and elsewhere." 



A comparison of methods for the determination of the proteolytic activity 

 of pancreas preparations, J. H. Long and A. W. Bauton (Jour. Amer. Chem. 

 Soc. 36 (1914). Ao. 10, pp. 21ol-2166). — "In this jiaper a comparison of the 



<• Hoppe-Soyler's Ztschr. Physiol. Chem., 75 (1911), Xo. 3, pp. 169-190. 



