RURAL ECONOMICS. 891 



Report 103 relates to tlie social and labor ueeds of farm women. The ex- 

 tracts point out some causes of dissatisfaction and contentment among farm 

 wdinen. the function of women's clubs, social centers, amusement, recreation, 

 and the church in improving social conditions, the long hours and overwork, 

 the difficulty in getting domestic help, and cooperative plans for meeting the 

 farm woman's household needs. The abstracts also indicate the effect of the 

 various means of communication upf)n i-ural life. 



Keport 104 includes abstracts relating to the plan, equifiment, and manage- 

 ment of the farm homes. The principal items mentioned are the house, the 

 garden, labor-saving devices, heating, lighting, sanitation, clothing, preparing 

 and preserving of food, insect pests, and woman's part in the dairy and poultry 

 industries. 



lieport 105 relates to the educational needs of farm women. They consider 

 that the education of their children can be improved through better schools, 

 cheaper books, transportation of school children, less child labor on the farm, 

 courses in agriculture and domestic science, and boys' and girls' clubs. The 

 farm housewives consider that their condition could be improved through home 

 demonstration agents, libraries and reading courses, meetings and lectures, 

 farm women's institutes, mothers' clubs, school centers, and through special 

 publications and bulletins relating to the problems of the farm women. 



Report lOG relates to the economic needs of farm women and points out man's 

 social and labor duty to the women on the farm, the desire for financial recog- 

 nition of woman's work, and suggests gainful handicrafts and home industries 

 for farm women. Extracts of a more general nature are included relating to 

 farm loans, rural credit, farm prices, marketing, and methods of distribution. 



There is an appendix attached to each of the above reports, giving general 

 suggestions for the development of farm women, and indicating how farm 

 women may obtain help under the Smith-Lever Extension Act, and through 

 other branches of the Government. An extensive list of government publica- 

 tions of interest to farm women is included. 



Economic history of the United States, E. L. Bogart (New York: Longmans, 

 Green & Co., 1914, 2. ed., jip. zr+557, pis. 7, fiffs. 115).— This book outlines the 

 economic development of the T'nited States, devoting a large part of its dis- 

 cussions to agriculture. It also contains an extensive bibliography. 



York State rural problems, II, L. H. Bailey (Alhauy: J. B. Lyon Co., 1915, 

 pp. TI +7-262). — This book, supplementing that previously noted (E. S. R., 30, 

 p. 491). is made up of 25 lectures or summaries of lectures, delivered by the 

 author at different places and on different topics, but all dealing with rural 

 problems. 



[Problems of production in agriculture], A. D. Hall (Nature [London], 9/f 

 (191.',), No. 23.',5, pp. 156-162: 9-i (1915), No. 2361. pp. 601-601).— The author 

 outlines various means whereby the world's food supply may be augmented, 

 among them increasing the cultivated area, conserving the water supply as by 

 dry-land farming, irrigation, draining and improving moor land, properly ap- 

 plying fertilizers, increasing the efficiency of agricultural workers, and arrang- 

 ing for the successful employment of research workers. 



Ownership, tenure, and taxation of land. T. P. Whittaker (London: Mac- 

 MUlnn rf Co.. Ltd.. 191Jf. pp. .TA'.Y-|-.77 '/. fifi. /).— This book treats of all land 

 whether used for agricultural or nonagricultural purposes. It traces the origin 

 of private ownership of land, the establishment of inclosures. and the lease- 

 hold systems, and shows some of the relationships between agricultural wages 

 and the problems of land tenure and of housing in country and town. 



Land revenue, administration, and tenures in British India, F. Noyce 

 (Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bid. Eeon. and 8oc. Intel., 5 (191^), Nos. 11, 



