892 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



pp. 125-1 JfO; 12, pp. 8.'J-'J8). — This article outliuoK for P.rltish India the tenure 

 of land I'elative to the States, the relations of the tenants to the landlords, and 

 the administration of the land revenue, by showing its historical development 

 from a system of paying taxes by taking a portion of the cultivator's grain 

 heap to an actual cash payment based upon an estimated value of the land. 

 The article also describes the method of .surveying the land and determining 

 its value. 



Cooperation in agriculture, marketing, and rural credit, C. B. Austin and 

 G. S. Wkiieweix (Bill. Univ. Tex., No. .3.5.5 {191J,), pp. /(9(9).— This bulletin cites 

 a number of typical instances of cooperation among fanners which illustrates 

 the causes of both failure and success. It describes briefly a number of typical 

 farm organizations and how to form cooperative credit unions under the 

 Texas law. 



Bural credits, M. T. Herrick and R. Ingai-ls {New York: D. Applcton d- Co., 

 IBllf, pp. XIX-\-519). — The authors have given a historical description of the 

 various types of agricultural credit found in the different countries of the 

 world. In addition, there are chapters on ci'edit. its forms and use, special 

 privilege and state aid, long-term loans and amortization, debentures, princi- 

 ples of land credit and their application, cooperation and cooperative credit, 

 and the principles of coojierative credit and their application. 



How farmers may improve their personal credit, C. W. Thompson (U. S. 

 Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 65If (1915), pp. lit). — In this publication have been 

 considered two general methods whereby farmers may improve their personal 

 credit: That of temporary agreements with existing loan agencies, the agree- 

 ments terminating with the payment of the loans, and that of permanent 

 articles of agreement among the farmers themselves, or " cooperative credit 

 associations." Three different plans are presented by which the farmers may 

 improve their personal credit with local banks. 



Under plan 1, farmers enter into an agreement with local bankers or with 

 other persons who supply the loans to adopt a uniform and approved system of 

 dairy improvement. Those furnishing the fimds buy dairy stock, which is sold to 

 the farmers at actual cost plus a certain percentage to cover incidental ex- 

 penses. The lender takes in payment the farmer's personal note, with or with- 

 out indorsement, or with mortgage security on the stock purchased. Under 

 plan 2, some additional security is supplied by having the farmers collectively 

 assume a guaranty for the notes given by the members under an agreement. 

 Under plan 3, in place of the limited guaranty supplied by the farmers them- 

 selves jointly, as described under plan No. 2, a similar guaranty from a third 

 party is substituted, consisting of local business men who realize their common 

 interest with the farmers in the general improvement of the agricultural con- 

 ditions in their territory. These men subscribe a certain percentage of the 

 funds loaned, with the understanding that the money is to be a guaranty fund 

 to protect the bankers. 



A cooperative credit association has the collective security available under 

 plan 2, and is available continuously for such purposes as may be approved by 

 the association. This publication outlines how such a.ssociations are organized 

 and managed and help their members in making the loans productive. 



Cotton crop mortgage credit, R. L. Bennett (.4 firr. and Mccli. Col. Tex. E.rt. 

 Bui. E. S. If. pp. 16). — This bulletin outlines a system for conducting a 40-acre 

 farm on the all-cotton basis and on the basis of food. feed, and cotton. The 

 author advocates the changing of the system of farming to one based on food 

 and feed for the farm and all the cotton the individual farmer can then grow. 



Farm credit in "Wisconsin, B. H. Hibbard and F. Robotka (TT*/.*co«.sjn Sta. 

 Bui. 247 (1915), pp. 66, figs. 12).— This, report is based upon a field study of 



