1917] FIELD CROPS. 135 



sand with the surface of insufficiently decayed moor soil was still discernible 

 four years later, and that the treatment had paid for itself with the third 

 harvest. The use of sand on moor or peat soils, either by working the sand 

 into the surface or covering the soils, also gave generally good results. Lime 

 applied to this type of land affected different crops quite differently, the greatest 

 increases in yield apparently due to the treatment being secured with flax 

 and rape followed by barley, red clover, and horse beans. 



Fertilizer experiments on low, peaty soil showed a residual effect of barnyard 

 manure the third year after its application and also indicated the greater value 

 of spring application as compared with fall application. Liquid manure applied 

 on moor soil meadows in quantities furnishing approximately 23.4 kg. of 

 nitrogen per hi^tare (20.8 lb. per acre) increased the yield of hay 1,306 kg. 

 per hectare. Analyses of the liquid manure made at different times brought 

 out a definite relation between its specific gravity and its nitrogen content and 

 consequent manurial effect. 



Nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia, used in growing rape on a sandy 

 soil, gave practically equal results. Common salt applied in addition to the 

 sulphate of ammonia remained without effect. On a good, peaty soil different 

 quantities of nitrogenous fertilizers gave no increase, while of the phosphatic 

 materials tested Thomas slag proved most effective and superphosphate and 

 bone meal were of about equal value. Of different potash fertilizers 20 per 

 cent potash salt gave a slightly higher increase than kainit, or 37 per cent 

 potash salt, but the dry matter content was highest in the crop grown with 

 the last-mentioned substance and lowest in the crop receiving the kainit. When 

 increasing amounts of the different plant food sources were used it was found 

 that nitrogenous fertilizers in no case paid for themselves, while among the 

 applications of phosphorus the use of 120 kg. of phosphoric acid, equivalent 

 to about 600 kg. of superphosphate, per hectare was most economical and in the 

 potash series the use of 150 kg. of potash, or about 400 kg. of 37 per cent 

 potash salt, gave the highest return. 



Of different crops tested for a number of years in this connection, the 

 following varieties gave the best yield : Petkus, Swedish Gray, and Midsummer 

 rye ; Plymage and Svanhals barley ; Gold Rain, Dala, and Brown Moor oats ; 

 Sand, Glenoe, and Solo field peas; Gertrude, Lucia, Moor Rose, and Jewel 

 potatoes ; and Bortfeld rape. Notes are also given on drainage experiments 

 and the culture of potatoes. 



Time of sowing and harvesting- green forage crops on lowland moor soil, 

 J. Lende-Njaa {Meddel. Norske Myrselsk., IJf {1916), No. 3, pp. 85-108). — Oats 

 and peas were sown in the proportion of 2 : 1 by weight on May 1, 15, and 30, 

 and harvested at the beginning of blossoming, 15 days later, and when the oats 

 were mature. The results secured, together with the chemical composition of 

 the material harvested at the different stages of growth, are tabulated In detail 

 and discussed. 



The results indicated in general that a mixture of oats and peas for green 

 forage, in order to make the heaviest and best growth, should be sown as early 

 as possible. The best time of harvesting was "found to be about two weeks 

 after the oats began blossoming. The quantity of green forage continued to 

 increase after this period, but the increase did not compensate for the loss in 

 quality which was quite evident in the latest sowings. 



Botanical composition of a 20-year-old moorland meadow, A. Mentz 

 (Hedeselsk. Tidsskr., No. 10 {1916), pp. 121-lSIf) .—The method of seeding this 

 meadow in 1895 is described, together with the fertilizer treatment given dur- 

 ing the period. The seed mixture used per tondeland (1.36 acres) was as 

 follows : Red clover 3 lbs., alsike clover 5 lbs., white clover 2 lbs., Italian rye 



