1917] FOODS HUMAN NUTRITION, 163 



corn leafhopper. An attempt made to introduce these parasites into Hawaii 

 failed. 



A new species of Aniphrophora from California, G. O. Shinji {Canad. Ent., 

 Ji9 {1911), No. 2, pp. 51, 52, fig. 1) . — Amphrophora cicntce reared from wild and 

 cultivated blackberry is described as new to science. 



A contribution to the knowledge of the mites attacking wild and culti- 

 vated plants in Sweden, I. Tragaedii (Meddel. Centralanst. Forso/csv. Jord- 

 bruksomrddcl, No. 109 (1915), pp^ 60, figs. 20; abs. in Internat. Inst. Ayr. 

 [Rome], Intenuit. Rev. Sci. and Pract. Agr., 7 {1916), No. S, pp. 463, 46',).— 

 This account relates to various species of Neotetranychus, Paratetranychus, and 

 Tetranychus which are a source of injury in Sweden. 



Ascaris canis and Ascaris felis. — A taxonomic and a cytological compari- 

 son, A. C. Walton {Biol. Bui. Mar. Biol. Lab. Woods Hole, 31 {1916), No. 5, 

 pp. 364-372, pi. 1, figs. 6). — The most important points brought out in the study 

 are summarized as follows : 



" Material used is same as recognized European forms of A. canis and A. felis. 

 A. canis shows 18 chromosomes for the haploid number, 12 di-tetrad autosomes, 

 and 6 tetrad idiosomes. These 6 tetrad idiosomes form a heterosome group of 

 the X-type. There are two types of second spermatocytes and spermatids found, 

 one type having 12 autosomes and 6 idiosomes, the other type having but the 12 

 autosomes. In A. felis there are 9 chromosomes in the primary spermatocytes, 

 8 autosomes, and one large heterochromosome composed of unequal parts. This 

 is in agreement with Edwards. A. canis and A. felis are morphologically and 

 cytologically two different species, not varieties of the same species. Chromo- 

 somes of true A. canis do not agree in form or number with those described by 

 Marcus for his so-called A. canis." 



On the life cycle of some cestodes, C. Joyeux {Bui. Soc. Path. Exot., 9 

 {1916), No. 8, pp. 578-583). — An account of the life cycles of three cestodes, 

 namely, Dipylidium caninvm, Hymenolcpis diminuta, and H. nana siebold, for 

 which insects play the role of intermediate hosts. 



FOODS— HUMAN NUTRITION. 



The dietary deficiencies of the white bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, E. V. 

 McCoLLUM, M^ SiMMONDS, and W. Pixz {Jour. Biol. Chem., 29 (1917), No. 3, pp. 

 521-536, pi. 1, figs. 9). — This paper presents the results of experiments in 

 which laboratory animals (rats) were fed the white bean as the principal con- 

 stituent of the diet and also the bean supplemented in various w'ays with purified 

 food factors. The following facts were brought out in these experiments : 



There was a high mortality and pronounced stunting of growth in animals 

 fed a ration which contained 19.8 per cent of proteins, all derived from the bean. 

 The addition of 3 per cent of casein improved noticeably the condition of the 

 animals, but this is attributed by the authors to the casein itself rather than to 

 any marked increase in the value of the beans through the supplying of a partic- 

 ular amino acid present in very small amount in bean proteins and plentiful in 

 casein. 



A high content of beans in the diet apparently had an injurious effect on the 

 rats. Animals fed a ration containing 45 per cent of beans were better nour- 

 ished than others receiving a ration which contained 70 per cent of beans, each 

 ration containing 9 per cent of casein. Animals receiving a ration containing 

 50 per cent of beans with 4 per cent of casein were better nourished than 

 another lot, the ration of which contained 86.3 per cent of beans and 3 per cent 

 of casein. Two possible explanations of this are offered. One is that the 

 beans contain some unknown chemical complex which is harmful when ingested 



