1917] DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 173 



In studying the effects of continuous milking on the composition of the 

 colostrum milk analyses were made of the milk and milk fat of three pure-bred 

 Jersey cows for a suitable length of time before and after parturition. The 

 length of time since the last paturition was normal for each animal. The 

 character of the rations was not identical, but was uniform for each cow 

 throughout the experiment. It was found that parturition failed to exert the 

 usual depressing influence on the percentage of lactose in each of the three 

 cases, although the lactose content was somewhat below normal in the milk of 

 two of the cows. In regard to casein no effect was noticed in the case of two 

 cows, but there was a high casein percentage for the other cow. The composition 

 of the milk fat was uniformly unaffected by parturition. Very abnormal fat con- 

 stants followed parturition in the case of one cow, but the fat showed the same 

 abnormalities in even more striking degree for several days before parturition. 

 The most uniform effect of parturition was upon the albumin and globulin or 

 heat-coagulable proteins of the milk. The percentages of these proteins in- 

 creased very materially up to the time of parturition, reaching a maximum in 

 the tirst milk drawn after parturition. However, the actual proportion of the 

 total milk represented by albumin and globulin in the case of these three cows 

 was far below the minimum value for heat-coagulable proteins of normal 

 colostrum. 



To secure data on the influence of the length of time the cow is dry on the 

 composition of colostrum and milk fat, complete analyses were made of the milk 

 and milk fat of four cows for the first two or three milkings following parturi- 

 tion. These cows had been dry for from 19 to 83 days. In the case of each of 

 the animals the first milk was drawn within a few hours after parturition. 



It was found that the abnormalities in composition of colostrum milk are in 

 direct relation to the length of the period of dryness. All the colostrum samples 

 showed a composition more or less characteristic of the first milk drawn after 

 parturition, but this was particularly striking in the case of the cow which was 

 dry 83 days. The percentage of total solids, protein, casein, heat-coagulable 

 proteins, and ash was abnormally high in each case, while the percentage of 

 lactose and fat was abnormally low. However, in the case of the cow dry 19 

 days, the milk was much less abnormal in composition, although it showed a 

 protein, casein, and heat-coagulable protein content considerably above normal. 

 The fat content of the colostrum milk of the cow which was dry 19 days was 

 4.43 per cent, which was slightly below normal for this cow. The colostrum 

 milk of the cow that had been dry 83 days contained only 1.3 per cent of fat. 

 The results of this experiment indicate that the length of the period of dryness 

 had little if any effect upon the composition of the colostrum fat. In each case 

 the fat showed the composition characteristic of colostrum fat, having a low 

 saponification and Reichert-Meissl value and high melting point. The iodin 

 value of the fats analyzed did not show the extremely high figure usually 

 characteristic of colostrum fat. 



Preliminary research upon the effect of extracts of certain endocrine 

 glands upon the amount of milk produced by cows and goats, C. D'Alfonso 

 {Indus. Latt. e Zootec, U (1916), Nos. 15, pp. 215, 216; 16-17, pp. 234, 235; 

 18, pp. 253, 254; 19, pp. 268 269; 20, pp. 286, 287; 21, pp. 302, 303, 305; 22, 

 p. 316; 24, pp. 350, 351; [i5] (1917), No. 1, pp. 7, 9).— This is a report of 

 studies of the effect of the injection of extracts of the ovaries, testes, adrenal 

 glands, thyroid glands, hypophyses, and mammary glands upon milk production 

 in cows and goats. 



The large numbers of Bacterium abortus var. lipolyticus which may be 

 found in milk, Alice C. Evans (JoMr. Bad., 2 (1917), No. 2, pp. 185, 186).— 

 By the use of methods described in an earlier paper (E. S, R„ 35, p. 674), B. 



