240 EXPERIMENT STATION" RECORD. [Vol. 37 



Studies, by C. H. Connors (pp. 22-30) ; What Science Has Done and Will Do 

 for Floric\ilture, by E. A. White (pp. 30-40) ; The Inheritance and Permanence 

 of Clonal Varieties, by M. J. Dorsey (pp. 41-71) ; Experiments in Bud Selection 

 with the Apple and Violet at Geneva, by R. D. Anthony and J. W. Wellington 

 (pp. 71-76) ; Improvement of Vegetable Varieties by Selection, by R. Welling- 

 ton (pp. 77-80) ; Variety Testing, by L. C. Ck)rbett (pp. 80-84) ; Variety Testing 

 at the Dominion Experimental Farms, and What Has Been Accomplished by It, 

 by W. T. Macoun (pp. 85-90) ; Methods for the Study of Vegetable Varieties 

 and Strains, by P. Work (pp. 91-95) ; Factors Influencing the Abscission of 

 Flowers and Partially Developed Fruits of the Apple, by A. J. Heinlcke (pp. 

 95-103) ; Horticulture as a Science and as an Art, by M. A. Blake (pp. 103- 

 106) ; Influence of Nitrogen In Western Orchards, by C. I. Lewis (pp. 107-110) ; 

 Report of the Committee on Research and Experimentation : Part I, by L. H. 

 Bailey, Part II, Research and Elxperiraentation, by W. L. Howard, Part III, 

 How to Lay Out an Experiment in Horticulture, by H. J. Webber, and Part IV, 

 Fundamental Training Required for the Successful Undertaking of Research, 

 by W. T. Macoun (pp. 110-120) ; and Report of Committee on Graduate Courses, 

 by M. J. Dorsey (pp. 120-128). 



A list is given of horticultural projects being conducted at institutions with 

 which members of the society are connected. 



[Report of the] division of horticulhire {Minnesota Sta. Rpt. 1916, pp. 49- 

 54). — In the sterility studies with fruits the results with the strawberry indi- 

 cate that where good pollen is produced in the cultivated varieties the plants 

 are self-fertile. Studies conducted under tent and in the greenhouse show that 

 a number of Burbank-Wolf plum crosses, as well as the Burbank plum, the 

 sand cherry, and the Compass cherry, are self-sterile. Some of the hybrids of 

 these fruits were Intersterile. Self-sterility did not appear to be due to aborted 

 pollen or defective nuclei. Studies were made of the flowers of five species of 

 maples. The pollen of the partially suppressed anthers of the functionally 

 pistillate flowers were found to be normal In all five species, but the flowers 

 were self-sterile because dehiscence does not take place in this type of anther. 



Of the hardy seedlings at the fruit breeding farm, Minnesota No. 4 raspberry 

 is considered promising as It has sustained no winter Injury In the last four 

 seasons. At Deerwood it was not injured by a temperature of —40° F. when 

 left uncovered. 



A test of ten varieties of Minnesota apples with reference to their value for 

 elder and vinegar making showed that the apples are relatively low in sugar 

 content but that vinegar of standard grade can be obtained within five months 

 by pressing if kept in reasonably warm quarters. 



A study of the most desirable time of the year for pruning apples and plums 

 indicates thus far that success depends more on careful pruning than on the 

 season in which the pruning is done. 



Results of the potato Investigations at the stations show conclusively that 

 the improvement of seed by any kind of selection is an impossibility when the 

 seed has been affected with curly dwarf. Tests made of potato seedlin;^s and 

 varieties showed In all cases that new stock is superior in productiveness and 

 vigor to the old stock grown for one or more years in the station grounds. 



Among the results secured In breeding various vegetables a pure line of 

 Red Globe onion gives promise of being a valuable acquisition, owing to Its 

 good keeping quality. The work with squashes indicates the possibility of 

 isolating and fixing a desirable commercial type of the Hubbard squash. In 

 the tomato experiments marked increases in yield were obtained from some of 

 the crosses, and it Is believed certain combinations will prove valuable, owing to 

 their earliness, smoothness, and productiveness. 



