1917] FIELD CKOPS. 235 



105 to 127 days; in yield of green forage from 7,362 to 13,590 lbs. per acre, 

 with an average of 9,839 lbs. ; in yield of dry matter from 1,992 to 3,325 lbs., 

 with an average of 2,600 lbs. ; and in protein from 3.2 to 6.6 per cent, with an 

 average of 4.6 per cent. 



Of 12 varieties of soy beans tested for three years the Wilson has produced 

 the highest amovmt of dry matter per year, 3,329 lbs., with the Mongol variety 

 last, 2,406 lbs. Both varieties required an average of 122 days to attain 

 maturity. 



Exclusive of roots the crops of the last three years contained per acre 3,637 

 lbs. of organic matter, 111 lbs. of nitrogen, 20 lbs. of phosphoric acid, and 

 79 lbs. of potash. 



The Whippoorwill and Brahman varieties of cowpeas were tested, yielding 

 2,542 and 2,160 lbs. of organic matter and 54 and 50 lbs. of nitrogen per acre, 

 respectively. The average composition of the dry matter of soy beans and 

 cowpeas grown at Mt. Carmel during 1916 is compared in tabular form. 



Soy bean growing is briefly discussed and the uses of the crop in Connecticut 

 outlined as follows : Sowing as a catch crop following winterkilled grain or 

 clover or a poor spring seeding, from the first of May to the middle of June; 

 as a late summer soiling crop for cattle ; as a silage crop grown either with 

 or without corn and cut into the silo — about 3 tons of corn to one of soy 

 beans ; as a green manure ; and as a seed crop. 



Soy beans. — Their culture and use, C. G. Williams and J. B. Park {OJiio 

 Sta. Bui. 312 (1911), pp. 579-600, figs. 4).— Soy-bean production in Ohio is dis- 

 cussed in detail. 



In rate-of-seeding tests 3 pli. of medium-sized soy beans (Medium Green 

 variety), sown in rows 28 in. apart, has usually given the best results for 

 seed production. A seeding of 8 pk. per acre drilled solid gave a smaller yield 

 of seed, but a higher yield of total forage. 



Twenty-five varieties and pure-line strains are briefly described, and the 

 results of variety tests in yields of grain and straw and the pounds of straw 

 per bushel of grain are reported in tabular form. The five leading varieties 

 in order of rank were: Ohio 9016, Ohio 7496, Elton (Chestnut), Ito San 17268, 

 and Shinto. The five lowest yielders were Sable, Cloud, Yosho, Mikado, and 

 Taha. The yield in grain per acre for the five-year average, 1911-1916, inclu- 

 sive, varied from 14.01 bu. for the Sable variety to 29.22 bu. for Ohio 9016. 

 The high-yielding varieties showed a low proportion of straw to grain, ranging 

 from 72 to 97 lbs, of straw per bushel of grain, with an average of 81 lbs., 

 whereas in the five low-yielding varieties the range was from 106 to 164 lbs., 

 with an average of 133 lbs. The total average yield of straw, however, in 

 the two classes varied only 177 lbs. per acre. 



Results obtained with a few varieties tested at the experimental farms 

 located in Clermont, Hamilton, Washington, Paulding, and Trumbull counties 

 are also reported. 



Tests with ten varieties of soy beans for hay have been conducted at Wooster 

 for five years. The Medium Green variety has given the kighest average 

 yield, 5,402 lbs. per acre, with the Mammoth Yellow lowest, with 3,814 lbs. 

 Medium Green is deemed better adapted for hay production than for grain 

 because of its tendency to shatter. 



Limited observations have been made of the effect of soy beans upon sub- 

 sequent crops in the rotation. Fifty rotations are in progress, and 24 wheat 

 plats were harvested in 1916. Ten of these plats followed corn, 6 soy beans, 

 5 potatoes, and 3 oats. The average yield of wheat following soy beans was 

 10.3 bu. greater than that following corn, 1.27 bu. greater than that following 

 oats, and 0.34 bu. greater than that following potatoes. 



