872 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 37 



scrap produced well during the first three periods, and those receiving skim 

 milk did well throughout the whole 20 weeks. The flocks receiving cotton- 

 seed meal and cottonseed meal with meat scrap gave very poor results, the 

 former being very low twice, high once, but falling again. The latter was 

 lowest one month, but was next to the lowest all other times. During the 20 

 \\eeks the hens fed cottonseed meal laid an average of 62.68 eggs and returne<l 

 u profit of 77.98 cts. each over the cost of feed ; those fed meat scrap laid an 

 average of 67.86 eggs per hen, at a profit of 85.67 cts. ; those fed meat scrap 

 and cottonseed meal averaged 63.81 eggs each, at a profit of 72.8 cts. ; and 

 those fed sour skim milk an average of 71.29 eggs, at a profit of 87.54 cts. 

 per hen. 



Poultry farm management, R. E. Jones, I. G. Davis, and B. A. McDonald 

 (Conn. Agr. Col. Ext. Sen: Bui. 8 {1917), pp. 16, figs. 4).— A study of the 

 poultry business in Connecticut, based on the operation of 42 farms during one 

 year. Receipts, expenditures, and inventories are noted, while labor income is 

 taken as the measure of profit. 



The average net receipts were $1,312. Deducting interest on capital at 5 per 

 cent, .$560, this gave a unit labor income of $752. 



The range of egg production was from 54 to 160, averaging 97 per hen for 

 the year. Receipts from market eggs were 46 per cent of the total, and nearly 

 four times as much as from any other single source. The necessity for in- 

 creased average egg production is emphasized. 



Forty-eight per cent of the expense on these farms was for feed. The home 

 production of more feeds and the cooperative buying of others is suggested as 

 means of lowering costs. 



The greatest returns were made on the farms with the largest range. The 

 importance of range and shade are noted. 



The number of poultry units per man varied from 319 to 2,000. The highest 

 efliciency lay between 800 and 1,500. With less than 500 a man can not make 

 a profit, and with more than 1,.500 he can not give them the necessar>' care for 

 best results. The ratio of poultry unit.«i to laying hens was 100: 68. The larger 

 farms gave the higher percentages of profit, owing to greater efliciency of 

 labor, machinery, and capital. 



Finishing market poultry, W. C. Thompson (New Jersey Stas. Hints to 

 Pouttrymrn, 5 (1917), No. 11. pp. 4). — Market requirements and the best means 

 to market poultry at a profit when there is a tendency to become overstocke<l 

 in certain classes are discussed. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Dairy laboratory manual and notebook, compiled by E. L. Anthony {Phila- 

 (tctphia and London: ./. B. Lippincott Co.. 1917. 2. ed., rev., pp. 72, tigs. 15). — 

 A revised edition of these laboratory exercises (E. S. R.. 31, p. 404). 



Dairy cattle, A. Leitch, H. M. King, and J. P. Sackviixe (Ontario Dept. Agr. 

 lint. 25S (1917), pp. 72, figs. 2.t). — A general treatise on the economy of dairy 

 farming, breeds of Ontario dairy cattle, principles of nutrition, use of feeds, 

 general problems in dairying, care and management of dairy cattle, common 

 diseases, and plans for the construction r.nd equipment of dairy barns. 



Experiments on the use of palm kernel nut cake as a food for dairy cows, 

 A. Laudeb and T. W. Fagan (Edinb. and East of Scot. Col. Agr. [Pamphlet], 

 1916, pp. 9). — Two experiments are here reported in which palm kernel nut cake 

 and Bombay cottonsetxl cake were compared as feeds for dairy cows. 



In the first experiment, which was conducted during the winter of 1915-16, 

 two lots of nine Shorthorn dairy cows each were fed for eight weeks a daily 



